{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:50:51Z","timestamp":1780419051321,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PDF\u20102015\u201008\u2010099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDF\u20102015\u201008\u2010099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.pericles-gcp.literatumonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop core outcome sets (COS) for miscarriage management and prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modified Delphi survey combined with a consensus development meeting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>International.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stakeholder groups included healthcare providers, international experts, researchers, charities and couples with lived experience of miscarriage from 15 countries: 129 stakeholders for miscarriage management and 437 for miscarriage prevention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modified Delphi method and modified nominal group technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final COS for miscarriage management comprises six outcomes: efficacy of treatment, heavy vaginal bleeding, pelvic infection, maternal death, treatment or procedure\u2010related complications, and patient satisfaction. The final COS for miscarriage prevention comprises 12 outcomes: pregnancy loss &lt;24\u2009weeks\u2019 gestation, live birth, gestation at birth, pre\u2010term birth, congenital abnormalities, fetal growth restriction, maternal (antenatal) complications, compliance with intervention, patient satisfaction, maternal hospitalisation, neonatal or infant hospitalisation, and neonatal or infant death. Other outcomes identified as important were mental health\u2010related outcomes, future fertility and health economic outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study has developed two core outcome sets, through robust methodology, that should be implemented across future randomised trials and systematic reviews in miscarriage management and prevention. This work will help to standardise outcome selection, collection and reporting, and improve the quality and safety of future studies in miscarriage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T10:33:30Z","timestamp":1681209210000},"page":"1346-1354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A core outcome set for trials in miscarriage management and prevention: An international consensus development study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6142-5350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rima K.","family":"Dhillon\u2010Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Healthcare Trust  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam James","family":"Devall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Philip","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Healthcare Trust  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Al\u2010Memar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research Institute of Reproductive Developmental Biology, Imperial College London  London UK"},{"name":"Queen Charlotte's &amp; Chelsea Hospital Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Barnhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Condous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sydney Medical School Nepean University of Sydney  Kingswood New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole Bjarne","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Recurrent Pregnancy Loss of Western Denmark, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00ebtte","family":"Goddijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davor","family":"Jurkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Women's Health University College Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lissauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abha","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aberdeen Fertility Centre NHS Grampian Scotland  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olufemi T.","family":"Oladapo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNDP\/UNFPA\/UNICEF\/WHO\/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research World Health Organization  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Preisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ginecolog\u00eda y Obstetricia, Facultad de Medicina Cl\u00ednica Alemana\u2010Universidad del Desarrollo  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ginecolog\u00eda y Obstetricia Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universidad de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Regan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Mary's Hospital Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Small","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Illinois  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrika","family":"Wijeyaratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine University of Colombo  Colombo Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan","family":"Quenby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire  Clifford Bridge Road Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Bourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research Institute of Reproductive Developmental Biology, Imperial College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Development &amp; Regeneration KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arri","family":"Coomarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Healthcare Trust  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu299"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00682-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15528"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.ED000041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16157"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15335"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16319"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta2030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/10.1.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002447"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14694"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.09.015"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17484","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T15:30:50Z","timestamp":1693927850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1471-0528.17484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17484","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}