{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T02:39:03Z","timestamp":1794278343898,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the association between preconception maternal retinal arteriolar calibre and fetal growth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design, setting and population<\/jats:title><jats:p>A hospital\u2010based, prospective preconception cohort including 369 women with a singleton live birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected detailed information on sociodemographic status, pregnancy history and lifestyle, and performed retinal imaging at the preconception visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrieved medical records documenting fetal growth biometrics (e.g., abdominal circumference [AC], head circumference [HC], femur length [FL]) at 11\u201313, 18\u201321, 24\u201328, and 32\u201334\u2009weeks throughout pregnancy. We then computed the <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> scores for all fetal growth biometrics from 14\u2009weeks of gestation where data were available, referencing the INTERGROWTH\u201021st fetal growth chart. We used a linear mixed model to estimate the association between maternal preconception retinal arteriolar calibre and fetal growth biometrics <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> scores throughout pregnancy, with random intercept accounting for repeated measures within individuals. We then performed a multivariable linear regression of maternal preconception retinal arteriolar calibre and <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> score changes for all fetal growth biometrics between 24\u201328\u2009weeks and 32\u201334\u2009weeks of gestation, after full adjustment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal preconception generalised retinal arteriolar narrowing was consistently associated with a reduction in fetal AC <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> scores (\u22120.34; 95% CI \u22120.66 to \u22120.03) throughout pregnancy. In addition, women with preconception generalised retinal arteriolar narrowing tended to have significantly reduced <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> score changes in AC (\u22120.41; 95% CI \u22120.90 to \u22120.001) and fetal FL (\u22120.55; 95% CI \u22121.00 to \u22120.10) between 24\u201328\u2009weeks and 32\u201334\u2009weeks of gestation, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that women with narrower preconception retinal arterioles had smaller fetuses, evidenced by reductions in AC and FL <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> score throughout pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T10:01:40Z","timestamp":1690538500000},"page":"278-287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preconception maternal retinal arteriolar narrowing and fetal growth throughout pregnancy: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0685-3189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling\u2010Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Global Centre for Asian Women's Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"NUS Bia\u2010Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruochen","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine 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