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A combination of primary and secondary data were used, with a bottom\u2010up approach applied to collection of primary data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>e per sampling approach, which is the unit used to express carbon footprint and harmonise the contributions of greenhouse gases with different global warming potentials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The total carbon footprint of routine cervical sampling is 3670\u2009g\u2009CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>e. By comparison, vaginal self\u2010sampling had a total carbon footprint of 423\u2009g\u2009CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>e, and FV urine sampling 570\u2009g\u2009CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>e. The largest share of emissions for routine sampling was attributable to the carbon footprint associated with an appointment in a primary care setting, which totalled 2768\u2009g\u2009CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>e.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine cervical sampling is up to 8.7\u2010fold more carbon\u2010intensive than self\u2010sampling approaches with equivalent effectiveness. We found negligible differences in the carbon footprint of alternative self\u2010sampling methods, supporting the need for an informed choice of screening options for participants, which includes sharing information on their environmental impacts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T04:56:29Z","timestamp":1701147389000},"page":"699-708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A comparison of the carbon footprint of alternative sampling approaches for cervical screening in the <scp>UK<\/scp>: A descriptive study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1752-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer C.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences University of Manchester, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Sargent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Cytology Department, Clinical Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SEE Sustainability, Leeming Bar, Northallerton  North Yorkshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0284-8630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma J.","family":"Crosbie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences University of Manchester, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"AR6 Climate Change.The physical science basis.2021. 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