{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:48:21Z","timestamp":1782514101916,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000008","name":"Health Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP \u2013 81285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP \u2013 81285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000008","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the association between maternal exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead, manganese and mercury, time\u2010to\u2010pregnancy (TTP) and infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnancy\u2010based retrospective TTP cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitals and clinics from ten cities across Canada.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1784 pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, manganese and mercury were measured in maternal whole blood during the first trimester of pregnancy as a proxy of preconception exposure. Discrete\u2010time Cox proportional hazards models generated fecundability odds ratios (FOR) for the association between metals and TTP. Logistic regression generated odds ratios (OR) for the association between metals and infertility. Models were adjusted for maternal age, pre\u2010pregnancy body mass index, education, income, recruitment site and plasma lipids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>TTP was self\u2010reported as the number of months of unprotected intercourse to become pregnant. Infertility was defined as TTP longer than 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1784 women were eligible for the analysis. Mean \u00b1 SD maternal age and gestational age at interview were 32.2\u2009\u00b1\u20095.0\u2009years, and 11.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u2009weeks, respectively. Exposure to arsenic, cadmium, manganese or mercury was not associated with TTP or infertility. Increments of one standard deviation of lead concentrations resulted in a shorter TTP (adjusted FOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.16); however, the association was not linear when exposure was modelled in tertiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood concentrations of metals at typical levels of exposure among Canadian pregnant women were not associated with TTP or infertility. Further studies are needed to assess the role of lead, if any, on TTP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T06:49:58Z","timestamp":1705646998000},"page":"589-597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Maternal exposure to metals and time\u2010to\u2010pregnancy: The <scp>MIREC<\/scp> cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Priya","family":"Premranjith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Will","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Ashley\u2010Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Borghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryse","family":"Bouchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warren","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tye E.","family":"Arbuckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4834-8279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria P.","family":"Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u20107643\u20108340\u20104_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/29869"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Heavy metals acting as endocrine disrupters","volume":"44","author":"Georgescu B","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Pap Anim Sci Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22823"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032046"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq143"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30129-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4371714"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1017213108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2011.01891.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205301"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu350"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110694"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for Canadian drinking water quality: guideline technical document\u2014Lead","author":"Health Canada","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/intox-2015-0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199508000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-36342003000800004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2010.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051794"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1122183"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2005.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","volume-title":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002922"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901450"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2015.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2015.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP10825"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2404"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.919133"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/49.1.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/121.5.711"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-59453-2.00045-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1204"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120809054"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"Elimination of 203Hg\u2010methylmercury in man","volume":"3","author":"Miettinen J","year":"1971","journal-title":"Ann Clin Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041\u2010008X(80)90368\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31818ef47e"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12171"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Collider bias in observational studies: consequences for medical research part 30 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications","volume":"119","author":"T\u00f6nnies T","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000135174.63482.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114417"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","first-page":"620","volume-title":"Modern epidemiology","author":"Weinberg CR","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108736"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","volume-title":"Toxicological profile for lead","author":"Abadin H","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5592"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh271"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T08:13:45Z","timestamp":1710749625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1471-0528.17759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17759","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}