{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T22:30:10Z","timestamp":1785018610316,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate fetal growth trajectories and risks of small and large for gestational age (SGA and LGA), and macrosomia in pregnancies after fresh and frozen embryo transfer (ET), and natural conception (NC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal population\u2010based cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Swedish national registers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 196\u2009008 singleton pregnancies between 2013 and 2017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of all singleton pregnancies resulting in live births in the Swedish Pregnancy Register, 10\u2009970 fresh ET, 6520 frozen ET, and 178\u2009518 NC pregnancies with ultrasound data were included. A general least squares model was used to examine the effect of fresh or frozen ET on fetal growth while adjusting for confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal growth velocity. SGA, LGA and macrosomia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 120\u2009days, fetal weights were lower in fresh ET pregnancies compared with NC pregnancies. Thereafter fresh ET as well as FET fetuses had higher fetal weights than NC fetuses, with no differences between themselves until the second trimester. From 210\u2009days, FET fetuses were heavier than fresh ET fetuses, whereas fresh ET fetuses had lower fetal weights than NC fetuses from 245\u2009days. After fresh ET, SGA was more frequent, whereas LGA and macrosomia were less frequent, than after FET.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study gives new insights into the differences in fetal growth dynamics between fresh and frozen ET and NC pregnancies. Clinically relevant differences in proportions of SGA, LGA and macrosomia were observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T06:59:03Z","timestamp":1707893943000},"page":"1229-1237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Fetal growth after fresh and frozen embryo transfer and natural conception: A population\u2010based register study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4529-2188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e5rten","family":"Ageheim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alkistis","family":"Skalkidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's 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