{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:23:22Z","timestamp":1793125402799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) among pregnant women, their clustering and their association with body image disturbance (BID) up to 1\u2009year postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monocentric prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>University Hospitals Leuven.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant women attending for pregnancy care, first assessed prior to 14\u2009weeks of gestation and agreeing to follow\u2010up until 1\u2009year postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Standardised questionnaires reporting on PFD and BID at 12\u201314 and 28\u201332\u2009weeks of gestation, and again at 6\u20138\u2009weeks and 1\u2009year postpartum. We calculated the prevalence of PFD, how the cases clustered and how the cases correlated with BID using a linear mixed\u2010model analysis. A minimum of 174 women with complete follow\u2010up were required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The questionnaires used were the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire \u2013 Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ\u2010UI\u2009SF), St.\u2009Mark's Incontinence Score (SMIS), Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC\u2010SYM), Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory (POPDI), Pelvic Organ Prolapse\/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire IUGA Revised (PISQ\u2010IR) and the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 208 women, 92.8% reported one or multiple symptoms of PFD at 28\u201332\u2009weeks of gestation, dropping to 73.6% by 1\u2009year postpartum. The most common symptoms were constipation (65.3% at 28\u201332\u2009weeks of gestation and 42.8% at 1\u2009year postpartum) and urinary incontinence (56.8% at 28\u201332\u2009weeks of gestation and 35.1% at 1\u2009year postpartum). After correcting for body mass index, parity and mode of delivery, the severity of BID was associated with the ICIQ\u2010UI\u2009SF score (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016, range 0.007\u20130.024), the PAC\u2010SYM score (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006, range 0.002\u20130.011) and the POPDI score (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009, range 0.005\u20130.012), but not with the SMIS score (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015, range \u22120.001 to 0.031) or the PISQ\u2010IR score, in sexually active women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary incontinence, constipation and symptoms of prolapse have a measurable impact on BID.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T02:16:04Z","timestamp":1713320164000},"page":"1420-1429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Body image and pelvic floor dysfunction in pregnancy and postpartum: A prospective one\u2010year follow\u2010up cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5232-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cattani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Urogenital Surgery, Biomedical Sciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics UZ Leuven  Leuven 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