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Inverse probability\u2010weighted marginal structural models were used to estimate associations between aspirin exposure and child neurocognitive assessments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Child neurocognitive development was assessed using the Bayley Scales at 8\u2009months, the Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale at 4\u2009years, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale and Wide\u2010Range Achievement Test (WRAT) at 7\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children exposed to aspirin in utero were associated with an 8%\u201316% reduced risk of having suspect\/abnormal or below\u2010average scores in most neurocognitive assessments. A trend of lower risks of having suspect\/abnormal or below\u2010average scores was further observed in children with in utero aspirin exposure for more than 7\u2009days, particularly on Bayley Mental (relative risk [RR] 0.82, 95% CI 0.74\u20130.92), WRAT Reading (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78\u20130.98) and WRAT Arithmetic tests (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.66\u20130.86). This association was mainly observed in the second trimester of pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In utero aspirin exposure was associated with improved child neurocognitive development in a prospective cohort study. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the impact of long\u2010period and low\u2010dose in utero aspirin exposure on child short\u2010 and long\u2010term neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T08:29:51Z","timestamp":1716971391000},"page":"1630-1639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In utero aspirin exposure and child neurocognitive development: A propensity score\u2010matched analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6340-1619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases  Shanghai 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