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Little is known about their long\u2010term psychological outcomes and no systematic review has assessed these.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To conduct a systematic review of the psychological experiences of DC people through childhood and adulthood (Prospero: CRD42021257863).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Search strategy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), the Excerpta Medica database (Embase), MEDLINE\u00ae and PsycINFO, conducted on 4 January 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if: there were five or more participants; they were peer reviewed; and any DC psychological outcomes were assessed. No limits on date, language or country were applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Double screening, selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed, using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty studies (with 4666 DC participants), mostly from high\u2010income anglophone countries, with heterogeneity of design, populations and outcome measures, were included. Of 19 comparative studies, 14 found no difference in outcomes between DC and non\u2010DC people, ten found better outcomes (in health, well\u2010being, self\u2010esteem and emotional warmth) and six found worse outcomes (increased autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, addiction issues, mental illness, disruptive behaviour and identity problems). Qualitative data revealed common themes relating to identity formation, mistrust and concerns regarding genetic heritage. The evidence regarding adulthood outcomes was very limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The research on DC individuals presents a nuanced picture, with most studies suggesting comparable or improved outcomes in terms of well\u2010being and relationships, but with a notable minority indicating higher rates of mental health and identity struggles. Qualitative findings underscore common negative experiences, whereas the early disclosure of DC status appears beneficial for psychological well\u2010being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T19:01:25Z","timestamp":1719514885000},"page":"1747-1759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparing the psychological outcomes of donor and non\u2010donor conceived people: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2282-5897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Talbot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Hodson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing Warwick Medical School  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health &amp; Department of Infectious Disease Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8064-652X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Bewley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Human Fertilisation and Embrology Authority.Trends in egg sperm and embryo donation 2020.2022Available from:https:\/\/www.hfea.gov.uk\/about\u2010us\/publications\/research\u2010and\u2010data\/trends\u2010in\u2010egg\u2010sperm\u2010and\u2010embryo\u2010donation\u20102020\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","volume-title":"Artificial Insemination: Practice in the United States: Summary of a 1987 survey","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority.Using donated eggs sperm or embryos in treatment. 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