{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:28:45Z","timestamp":1793726925004,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women who are pregnant are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which persists for up to 3\u2009months following childbirth. Diabetes is known to increase the risk of serious cardiovascular outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To comprehensively review literature on the extent to which pre\u2010existing or gestational diabetes influences the risk of VTE in both pregnancy and postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Search Strategy<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used Medline, Embase and Google Scholar to identify observational studies published up to 2 November 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Selection Criteria<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies which quantified the relationship between diabetes on antepartum and\/or postpartum VTE, and which provide separate data for pre\u2010existing and gestational diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results were pooled, where appropriate, using random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty one studies from Europe, the United States and Asia were included. There was an increased risk of antepartum VTE in women with gestational diabetes (RR\u2009=\u20092.48, 95% CI 1.47 \u2013 4.16, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=\u200945%, 4 studies) but not pre\u2010existing diabetes (RR\u2009=\u20091.71, 0.43 \u2013 6.77, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=\u200968%, 2 studies). For postpartum VTE, there was no clear association with either pre\u2010existing (RR\u2009=\u20091.28, 0.73 \u2013 2.24, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=\u200973%, 6 studies) or gestational (RR\u2009=\u20091.39, 0.77 \u2013 2.51, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=\u200970%, 10 studies) diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results will provide some reassurance for pregnant women with pre\u2010existing or gestational diabetes, owing to no clear evidence of an increased risk of maternal VTE. While some studies report a raised risk of VTE during antepartum specifically, results must be interpreted in light of high levels of heterogeneity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.18043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T08:45:41Z","timestamp":1734425141000},"page":"1076-1085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pre\u2010Existing and Gestational Diabetes and Risk of Maternal Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Observational Studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Molly","family":"Orrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham 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