{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:22:55Z","timestamp":1782134575349,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Luteal support is a core success factor of frozen embryo transfers (FET). However, inconsistency across recommended protocols generates notable heterogeneity across reproductive outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the most effective luteal support strategy (LPS) based on five key factors related to the effectiveness of FET cycles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Search Strategy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve databases and two prospective registers were searched from inception to 1st January 2024. The study was prospectively registered under the PROSPERO database (CRD42024513549).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Selection Criteria<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) and observational studies of women undergoing frozen embryo transfers were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bayesian network meta\u2010analysis (NMA) model presenting random effects, risk ratios (RRs) with 95% credibility intervals (CrIs) was employed. Primary outcomes included clinical pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriage. Secondary outcomes included biochemical pregnancy and multiple pregnancy events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen studies, of which eight RCTs, comparing 12 interventions upon 4688 participants, were included. Overall, CiNeMa risk of bias was moderate, and network inconsistency per outcome was low. Thirteen studies reported on clinical pregnancy events with vaginal progesterone (VP) and a single or double dose of subcutaneous GnRH agonist (GnRHa), significantly improving clinical pregnancy, RR 1.86 [95% CrI 1.18, 2.93].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The addition of 0.1\u2009mg subcutaneous GnRH agonist in a single (Day 3 post ET) or double (Day 3 and Day 6 post ET) schema upon a vaginal progesterone regimen till Week 12 appears to improve clinical pregnancy events in FET cycles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.18172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T08:12:17Z","timestamp":1746173537000},"page":"1187-1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of Luteal Support Protocols in Frozen <scp>IVF<\/scp>\/<scp>ICSI<\/scp> Cycles: A Network Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Neerujah","family":"Balachandren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4955-8270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meenakshi","family":"Veeramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sureka","family":"Suriyakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Wiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Barnet Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Mavrelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ephia","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4470-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stavroula L.","family":"Kastora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2021.1998438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"HEFA \u201cFertility Treatment 2021: Preliminary Trends and Figures. 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