{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:31:03Z","timestamp":1788471063933,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the prevalence of perineal wound infection after childbirth\u2010related perineal trauma up to 6\u2009weeks postpartum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, multi\u2010centre cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010one UK NHS maternity services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 2021 women who consented to take part and 1213 women who completed their 6\u2010week questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All women aged 16 or over who sustained childbirth\u2010related perineal trauma of any type after spontaneous or assisted vaginal birth were eligible. Medical record review and distribution of questionnaires took place at 6\u2009weeks postpartum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was perineal wound infection within 6\u2009weeks postpartum, determined using medical record data and questionnaire response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six\u2010week medical record check data was available for 1998 women (99%). 1213 (60%) of women completed their 6\u2010week questionnaire. 70.6% of consented women experienced a spontaneous vaginal birth and 29.4% of women an assisted vaginal birth. Across all types of perineal trauma and all modes of birth, the overall rate of perineal wound infection was 5.5% (95% CI 4.6%\u20136.6%). When considering the rate of wound infection by type of tear, women with episiotomy had the highest rate of wound infection at 9.5% (95% CI 7.5%\u201311.9%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We provide the best estimate to date of perineal wound infection after childbirth\u2010related perineal trauma. Improvements to care to reduce perineal wound infection rates are urgently needed, particularly for groups where currently there are no targeted interventions postnatally, such as women who undergo episiotomy after spontaneous vaginal birth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.18356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T02:45:58Z","timestamp":1756953958000},"page":"274-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Complications After Childbirth\u2010Related Perineal Trauma up to Six\u2010Weeks Postpartum: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0983-7590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Man","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1247-429X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. 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