{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T06:32:13Z","timestamp":1788244333302,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000765","name":"University College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000765","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013589","name":"Research England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013589","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To conduct a pilot study evaluating the acceptability of pregnancy loss nomenclature among people with recent lived experience and make recommendations for UK mass communication.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Electronic internet\u2010based questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n UK.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population or Sample<\/jats:title>\n \n Service users who accessed UK healthcare for >\u20091 experience(s) of pregnancy loss between 2021 and 2024 (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009391).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Descriptive and inferential statistics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n Acceptability ratings for pregnancy loss nomenclature used diagnostically in UK healthcare settings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Much nomenclature currently in use in UK pregnancy loss care was rated \u2018unacceptable\u2019 by a majority of study participants.\n Spontaneous abortion, incompetent cervix<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n and cervical incompetence<\/jats:italic>\n were among the terminology rated as \u2018unacceptable\u2019 by >\u200980.0% of the respondents rating terms for the process of loss. In contrast,\n pregnancy loss<\/jats:italic>\n and\n ectopic pregnancy<\/jats:italic>\n were rated \u2018acceptable\u2019 by >\u200980.0% of respondents. As nomenclature for pregnancy loss outcomes,\n products, contents of the womb\/uterus<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n tissue<\/jats:italic>\n were rated \u2018unacceptable\u2019 by >\u200980.0% of respondents.\n Baby<\/jats:italic>\n and \u2018their given name\u2019 were rated \u2018acceptable\u2019 by >\u200980.0% of respondents across all gestational age brackets. Some terminology elicited mixed acceptability ratings.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Some pregnancy loss nomenclature attracted consensus acceptability or unacceptability ratings for respondents. The data inform evidence\u2010based recommended alternatives, which should be adopted for mass communications relating to pregnancy loss.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.70057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:54:48Z","timestamp":1760169288000},"page":"471-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Acceptable Nomenclature for Pregnancy Loss Care: A Cross\u2010Sectional Observational Survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Beth","family":"Malory","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Survey of English Usage University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Nuttall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Survey of English Usage University College London London UK"},{"name":"School of English University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4303-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander E. P.","family":"Heazell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Saint Mary's Hospital Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732319874038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Review of Miscarriage and Healthcare Communication in the United States","volume":"9","author":"Lacci\u2010Reilly K. R.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"B.Malory \u201cLinguistic Challenges in Communicating About Pregnancy Loss: Final EStELC Project Report. Survey of English Usage University College London \u201d(2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"N.Mobbs C.Williams andA.Weeks \u201cHumanising Birth: Does the Language We Use Matter? The BMJ Opinion \u201d(2018) https:\/\/blogs.bmj.com\/bmj\/2018\/02\/08\/humanising\u2010birth\u2010does\u2010the\u2010language\u2010we\u2010use\u2010matter\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182392977"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00031-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90709-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70370-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgyn.2014.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1742271X20935911"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu299"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","volume-title":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. RCOG Language Guide","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","volume-title":"Acceptability in Pregnancy Loss Language","author":"Malory B.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"Sands \u201cBaby Loss and Pregnancy Loss Statistics \u201dhttps:\/\/www.sands.org.uk\/baby\u2010loss\u2010and\u2010pregnancy\u2010loss\u2010statistics."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"MBRRACE\u2010UK \u201cMBRRACE\u2010UK Perinatal Mortality Surveillance UK Perinatal Deaths of Babies Born in 2022 State of the Nation Report 2024 \u201d(2024) https:\/\/timms.le.ac.uk\/mbrrace\u2010uk\u2010perinatal\u2010mortality\/surveillance\/#gestational\u2010age."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics (ONS) \u201cChild and Infant Mortality in England and Wales: 2022 \u201d(2024) www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/bulletins\/childhoodinfantandperinatalmortalityinenglandandwales\/2022#stillbirths\u2010and\u2010neonatal\u2010deaths\u2010in\u2010england."},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"e15","article-title":"Diagnosis and Management of Ectopic Pregnancy: Green\u2010Top Guideline No. 21","volume":"123","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15807"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"\u201cOffice for Health Improvement and Disparities and Department of Health and Social Care. Abortion Statistics England and Wales \u201d(2022) https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/abortion\u2010statistics\u2010for\u2010england\u2010and\u2010wales\u20102022\/abortion\u2010statistics\u2010england\u2010and\u2010wales\u20102022."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Disparities in Stillbirths in England: Analysis of A Population\u2010Based Study of 1.3 Million Births","volume":"132","author":"Kayode G.","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01595-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/medhum-2012-010284"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/medhum-2021-012373"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005280"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16113"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70057","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:12:27Z","timestamp":1767676347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70057"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1471-0528.70057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70057","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}