{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T23:56:35Z","timestamp":1790553395490,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide further evidence on the outcomes associated with fetal malformations of cortical development (MCD), currently informed by data from symptomatic paediatric cohorts, this study provides a new classification system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multicentre retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fetal medicine units of three tertiary centres in the United Kingdom and Italy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>118 foetuses diagnosed with MCD by ultrasound and\/or magnetic resonance imaging included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cases were classified according to their presumed aetiology (genetic, haemorrhage, dysgenesis, infection) and imaging findings (focal, diffuse, mantle, sulcation). Neurodevelopmental delay was classified as mild, moderate or severe. Cases with missing information on postnatal outcome were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postnatal neurodevelopmental outcome ascertained from the infant's neurological assessments according to international performance scales, depending on the age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 52\/118 (44%) livebirths, 64\/118 (54.2%) terminations of pregnancy (TOP) and 2\/118 (1.6%) intrauterine demises. Twenty\u2010five of 46 cases (54.3%, 95% CI 39\u201369.1) that survived the neonatal period had a normal or mildly delayed neurological development. The commonest aetiology was genetic, and the most frequent radiological finding was reduced sulcation. The best neurological outcome was found in children with focal lesions; those with diffuse hemispheric lesions had the worst one.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the largest cohort of foetuses diagnosed with MCDs systematically classified by aetiology and radiological findings. In this retrospective cohort of liveborn survivors, over half had normal or mildly abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Prognosis varied according to lesion pattern and suspected aetiology. Fetal MCDs in this study had better neurodevelopmental outcomes than previously reported, though findings should be interpreted with caution given selection and follow\u2010up limitations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.70111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T08:04:40Z","timestamp":1765785880000},"page":"805-813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Postnatal\n                    <scp>outcomES<\/scp>\n                    of Fetal Cortical\n                    <scp>mAlformations<\/scp>\n                    (\n                    <scp>PESCA<\/scp>\n                    ) Study: A Multicentre Historical Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1330-775X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Abadia\u2010Cuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust University of London  London UK"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Arag\u00f3n  Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7975-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Felici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4510-1767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Arulkumaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Atkinson Morley Regional Neurosciences Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3410-3345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faraan","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Atkinson Morley Regional Neurosciences Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0071-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Frassanito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7201-0206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Dall'Asta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery Unit of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universit\u00e0 di Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4405-4188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira","family":"di Pasquo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome 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