{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:52:06Z","timestamp":1793141526183,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSF\u20102023\u2010006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSF\u20102023\u2010006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are associated with increased long\u2010term risk of maternal cardio\u2010metabolic disease, but links with future retinal diseases remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study is to synthesise the published literature on HDP and subsequent retinal and other ophthalmic disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Search Strategy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched to March 2026 following a pre\u2010registered PROSPERO protocol, CRD42024589508.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection Criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These included: a population of parous women, exposure to HDP at least once, at least one primary outcome (retinal disease) or secondary outcome (other ophthalmic disease). Women with pre\u2010pregnancy retinal\/ophthalmic diseases were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed bias using an adapted Newcastle\u2010Ottawa tool. Random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 5673 studies retrieved, 13 were eligible for inclusion (2\u2009450\u2009072 participants). HDP was associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (aRR 3.54, 95% CI 2.19\u20135.74), particularly after preeclampsia (aRR 4.24, 95% CI 3.51\u20135.12). HDP\u2010exposed women were also at higher risk of non\u2010diabetic retinopathy (aRR 3.65, 95% CI 1.18\u201311.33), retinal detachment (aRR 1.54, 95% CI 1.28\u20131.86), and retinal vascular occlusion (aRR 2.09, 95% CI 1.55\u20132.81). HDP\u2010exposed women may also be at risk of hypertensive retinopathy and central serous chorioretinopathy, but aRRs did not reach statistical significance. Across individual studies, HDP\u2010exposed women were reported to be at increased risk of cataract extraction, non\u2010infectious uveitis, and choroidal neovascular age\u2010related macular degeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women who experience HDP may be at future risk of retinal and other ophthalmic diseases, particularly diabetic retinopathy. Further observational research is required to confirm these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.70307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:19:23Z","timestamp":1784161163000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and the Long\u2010Term Risk of Maternal Retinal and Ophthalmic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Barrett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre University College Cork  Cork Ireland"},{"name":"School of Public Health University College Cork  Cork 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