{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:28:18Z","timestamp":1787128098517,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Induction of labour is a common intervention. The prostaglandin dinoprostone is often used, but there is increasing evidence that misoprostol may be more effective without compromising safety. This review compares the efficacy and safety of vaginal misoprostol and vaginal dinoprostone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials comparing singleton, term inductions with vaginal dinoprostone or vaginal misoprostol. The primary outcome was vaginal births within 24\u2009h. Secondary outcomes included induction to birth interval, mode of birth, oxytocin augmentation, uterine hyperstimulation, fetal distress and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. A sub\u2010group analysis by misoprostol dosage (25 and \u2265\u200950\u2009\u03bcg) was planned. A random effects meta\u2010analysis was performed and risk of bias assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      44 papers reported 7040 participants induced with vaginal misoprostol and 6604 with vaginal dinoprostone. Participants given vaginal misoprostol were 48% (OR 1.48 95% CI 1.20, 1.84) more likely to achieve vaginal birth within 24\u2009h, although heterogeneity was high. The rates of caesarean section, and adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes were comparable. In the vaginal misoprostol group, fewer patients required oxytocin (OR 0.51 95% CI 0.40, 0.65) and time to birth was reduced (\u2212230\u2009min (95% CI \u2212286 to \u2212175,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      57.6%)). These findings were consistent in the subgroup analysis, although uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate changes was reduced in the 25\u2010\u03bcg group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vaginal misoprostol is more effective for achieving vaginal birth in 24\u2009h, reducing time to birth and oxytocin use when compared to vaginal dinoprostone. It does not seem to increase caesarean birth and has a similar side\u2010effect profile. At lower doses (25\u2010\u03bcg), it is likely to be similarly effective with a lower incidence of uterine hyperstimulation. This information can be used to support discussions around choice of induction agent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.70314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:17:23Z","timestamp":1787127443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vaginal Misoprostol Compared to Vaginal Dinoprostone for Induction of Labour: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0522-5084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgina","family":"Andersson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Greenfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Health Data Science Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"Malawany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3787-1760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben Luke","family":"Choo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lissauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Weeks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0352-2106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abi","family":"Merriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences University of Liverpool  UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaborative, North West Coast  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"NHS Maternity Statistics, England \u2013 2023\u201024. NHS Choices","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"Recommendations: Inducing Labour: Guidance","author":"NICE","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations for Induction of Labour","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265\u2010018\u20100995\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"Misoprostol","author":"BNF","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13981","article-title":"Methods to Induce Labour: A Systematic Review, Network Meta\u2010Analysis and Cost\u2010Effectiveness Analysis","volume":"123","author":"Alfirevic Z.","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015234.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.06.010","article-title":"Misoprostol Vaginal Insert (Mysodelle) Versus Dinoprostone Intravaginal Gel (Prostin) for Induction of Labour","volume":"240","author":"Sharp A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014484"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471\u20100528.17794"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1459793"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2018.10.013","article-title":"Women's Experiences of Induction of Labour: Qualitative Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis","volume":"69","author":"Coates R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","volume-title":"PRISMA 2020 Statement Paper","author":"PRISMA","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471\u20100528.15397"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.3","author":"Higgins J. P. T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","volume-title":"What is R?","author":"R"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Comparison of Efficacy & Safety of Intravaginal Misoprostol Tablet and Intracervical Dinoprostone Gel for Induction of Labour in Unfavourable Cervix in Term Pregnancy: A Randomised Control Trial","volume":"15","author":"Abraham S. Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"A Randomized Comparison Between Intravaginal Misoprostol and Intracervical Dinoprostone for Cervical Ripening and Labour Induction in Participants With Unfavourable Cervices","volume":"14","author":"Anand A. K.","year":"2012","journal-title":"JK Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"1605","article-title":"Comparative Study of Misoprostol Alone Versus a Combination of Dinoprostone and Oxytocin for Induction of Labor at Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of SKMCH, Muzaffarpur, Bihar","volume":"16","author":"Chetna","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-011-0031-x","article-title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Low Dose Vaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone Gel for Labor Induction","volume":"61","author":"Girija S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"2022","article-title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Inducing Labor With 25 Micrograms of Vaginal Misoprostol Against Cerviprime Gel in Term Pregnancies","volume":"15","author":"Gopalrao T. V.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"270","article-title":"A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Intravaginal Misoprostol vs. Intracervical Cerviprime for Induction of Labor With an Unfavorable Cervix","volume":"12","author":"Gupta P. S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Life Sciences, Biotechnology and Pharma Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Intravaginal Misoprostol and Intracervical Dinoprostone in Induction of Labor: An Institutional Based Study","volume":"11","author":"Gupta S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Life Sciences, Biotechnology and Pharma Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Compare Safety and Efficacy of Intravaginal Misoprostol and Intracervical Dinoprostone in Induction of Labour","volume":"13","author":"Kaur R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Life Sciences, Biotechnology and Pharma Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-1237(01)80125-8","article-title":"Induction of Labour With Misoprostol \u2013 A Prostaglandin E1 Analogue","volume":"57","author":"Kumar S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Medical Journal, Armed Forces India"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1258\/004947507779952032","article-title":"Induction of Labour With Intravaginal Misoprostol and Prostaglandin E2 Gel: A Comparative Study","volume":"37","author":"Nanda S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tropical Doctor"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Intravaginal Misoprostol and Intracervical Dinoprostone for Induction of Labour at a Tertiary Care Hospital","volume":"7","author":"Pal P.","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Academic Medicine and Pharmacy"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","first-page":"1937","article-title":"Comparative Study of 25 \u03bcg Vaginal Misoprostol V\/S Cerviprime Gel for Induction of Labour at Term at Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar","volume":"16","author":"Rani M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","first-page":"759","article-title":"A Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy of Different Doses of Intravaginal Misoprostol With Intracervical Dinoprostone for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction","volume":"15","author":"Saxena P.","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","article-title":"Comparative Study of Vaginal Misoprostol Tablet Versus Dinoprostone Insert in Induction of Labor: A Prospective Interventional Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Unni V.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.13.4.254.259","article-title":"Randomized Controlled Trial of Vaginal Misoprostol Versus Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert for Labor Induction","volume":"13","author":"Garry D.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Maternal\u2010Fetal & Neonatal Medicine: The Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.10.3.186.192","article-title":"A Comparison of Intermittent Vaginal Administration of Two Different Doses of Misoprostol Suppositories With Continuous Dinoprostone for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction","volume":"10","author":"Khoury A. N.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Maternal\u2010Fetal and Neonatal Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000152341.31873.d9","article-title":"Outpatient Misoprostol Compared With Dinoprostone Gel for Preinduction Cervical Ripening: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"105","author":"Meyer M.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000146638.51536.09","article-title":"Cardiotocographic Abnormalities Associated With Dinoprostone and Misoprostol Cervical Ripening","volume":"105","author":"Ramsey P. S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318187042e","article-title":"Misoprostol Vaginal Insert Compared With Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"112","author":"Wing D. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31829a2dd6","article-title":"Misoprostol Vaginal Insert and Time to Vaginal Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"122","author":"Wing D. A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.150","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy and Cost of the Prostaglandin Analogs Dinoprostone and Misoprostol as Labor Preinduction Agents","volume":"188","author":"Ramsey P. S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.04.226","article-title":"Induction of Labor at Term With Vaginal Misoprostol or a Prostaglandin E2 Pessary: A Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"225","author":"Gaudineau A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Induction of Labour With a Viable Infant: A Randomised Clinical Trial Comparing Intravaginal Misoprostol and Intravaginal Dinoprostone","volume":"108","author":"Rozenberg P.","year":"2001","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.12.038","article-title":"A Randomized Trial That Compared Intravaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert in Pregnancies at High Risk of Fetal Distress","volume":"191","author":"Rozenberg P.","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"Labor Induction: Why Complicate Things When They Can Be Simple? A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"176","author":"Ayachi A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio Per le Scienze Mediche"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-006-0313-1","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Six Hourly Vaginal Misoprostol Versus Intracervical Dinoprostone: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"276","author":"Denguezli W.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","first-page":"362","article-title":"Cervical Ripening at Term. A Randomized and Prospective Study: Misoprotol Versus Dinoprostone","volume":"90","author":"Trabelsi H.","year":"2012","journal-title":"La Tunisie M\u00e9dicale"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Comparison of Misoprostol Versus Dinoprostone for Pre\u2010Induction Cervical Ripening At\u2010Term","volume":"10","author":"Chitrakar N. S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Misoprostol and Dinoprostone as Cervical Ripening","volume":"49","author":"Shakya R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the Nepal Medical Association"},{"issue":"101153627","key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-2-70","article-title":"Comparison of Misoprostol and Dinoprostone for Elective Induction of Labour in Nulliparous Women at Full Term: A Randomized Prospective Study","volume":"2","author":"Papanikolaou E. G.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology: RB&E"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-006-0258-4","article-title":"A Randomized Comparison Between Intravaginal Misoprostol and Prostaglandin E2 for Labor Induction","volume":"275","author":"Sifakis S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S1028-4559(10)60032-0","article-title":"Induction of Labor: A Comparative Study of Intravaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone","volume":"49","author":"Ayaz A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.29309\/TPMJ\/2008.15.03.2837","article-title":"Comparison of Prostaglandin E2 With Misoprostol for Induction of Labor at Term","volume":"15","author":"Wasim T.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Professional Medical Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01829.x","article-title":"Induction of Labour in Nulliparous and Multiparous Women: A UK, Multicentre, Open\u2010Label Study of Intravaginal Misoprostol in Comparison With Dinoprostone","volume":"115","author":"Calder A. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00066.x","article-title":"Dinoprostone Versus Misoprostol: A Randomized Study of Nulliparous Women Undergoing Induction of Labour","volume":"82","author":"Lokugamage A. U.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Gynecologica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7692.2001.00595.x","article-title":"Randomized Study of Vaginal Misoprostol (PGE(1)) and Dinoprostone Gel (PGE(2)) for Induction of Labor at Term","volume":"18","author":"Pandis G. K.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology: The Official Journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227245","article-title":"Oral Misoprostol, Low Dose Vaginal Misoprostol, and Vaginal Dinoprostone for Labor Induction: Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"15","author":"Young D. C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Oral and Vaginal Misoprostol Compared With Dinoprostone for Induction of Labor: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"99","author":"Roux P. A.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13556","article-title":"Low\u2010Dose Vaginal Misoprostol vs Vaginal Dinoprostone Insert for Induction of Labor Beyond 41st Week: A Randomized Trial","volume":"98","author":"De Bonrostro Torralba C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.01.038","article-title":"Influence of Misoprostol or Prostaglandin E(2) for Induction of Labor on the Incidence of Pathological CTG Tracing: A Randomized Trial","volume":"116","author":"Megalo A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00333-8","article-title":"Intracervical Misoprostol and Prostaglandin E2 for Labor Induction","volume":"80","author":"Chang Y. K.","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","first-page":"1026","article-title":"A Randomized Comparison of One Single Dose of Vaginal 50 Microgram Misoprostol With 3 mg Dinoprostone in Pre\u2010Induction Cervical Ripening","volume":"83","author":"Charoenkul S.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.00010.x","article-title":"A Randomised Trial Comparing Low Dose Vaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone for Labour Induction","volume":"111","author":"Gemund N.","year":"2004","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-008-0843-9","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Vaginal Misoprostol Versus Dinoprostone Vaginal Insert in Labor Induction at Term: A Randomized Trial","volume":"280","author":"Ozkan S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Vaginal Misoprostol for Induction of Labour: A More Effective Agent Than Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 Gel and Prostaglandin E2 Pessary","volume":"48","author":"Majoko F.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Central African Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12090"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","volume-title":"The Apgar Score","author":"ACOG","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15199","article-title":"Randomised Controlled Trials \u2013 The Gold Standard for Effectiveness Research: Study Design: Randomised Controlled Trials","volume":"125","author":"Hariton E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-023-00130-8","article-title":"Checklist to Assess Trustworthiness in RAndomised Controlled Trials (TRACT Checklist): Concept Proposal and Pilot","volume":"8","author":"Mol B. W.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research Integrity and Peer Review"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cesm.12037","article-title":"Trustworthiness Assessment as an Inclusion Criterion for Systematic Reviews\u2014What Is the Impact on Results?","volume":"1","author":"Weeks J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations for Augmentation of Labour","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70314","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70314","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T08:17:34Z","timestamp":1787127454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1471-0528.70314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.70314","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1471-0528.70314"}}