{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:00:36Z","timestamp":1790301636108,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031334","name":"Endometriosis Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To demonstrate the presence of peritoneal fluid (PF)\u2010derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in endometriosis and control samples, to characterise their protein content and to define endometriosis\u2010specific biomarkers within the sEV proteome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case\u2013control experimental study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Academic endometriosis centre.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PF samples from women between 18 and 49\u2009years old (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200963).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>sEVs were enriched using size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and characterised by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, according to surgically\u2010defined disease stage and cycle phase (control, rASRM stages I\u2013II and III\u2013IV endometriosis, in proliferative, secretory, and menstrual phases). FragPipe was used for protein identification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Protein content of sEVs from control and endometriosis PF samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      sEVs were identified in PF of women by NTA, immunoblotting and mass spectrometry. Four proteins were significantly different across all samples: fructose\u2010bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA: 3.12\u2010fold increase in control samples,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0164), heat shock protein 90\u2010alpha (HSP90AA1: 2.14\u2010fold increase in control samples,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0245), collagen alpha\u20101 (XV) chain (COL15A1: 1.83\u2010fold increase in control samples,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0421), and protein S100\u2010A10 (2.54\u2010fold increase in endometriosis samples,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0421).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PF\u2010derived sEVs differ between endometriosis and control patients. Concentrations vary regardless of cycle phase and disease stage, and this difference appears to be reflected in the proteomics analysis. However, higher sampling numbers are needed to confirm findings and functional assays to be performed delineate sEV function in endometriosis pathophysiology. Correlating PF\u2010derived sEV proteins with those in blood or urine could help further understand endometriosis and lead to the identification of biomarkers for diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.70334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:55:31Z","timestamp":1790301331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peritoneal Fluid\u2010Derived Small Extracellular Vesicle Proteins as Potential Biomarkers for Endometriosis: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2339-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah M.","family":"Nazri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences Research University of Warwick, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire  Coventry 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