{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T13:01:09Z","timestamp":1760101269608,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Services Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the association between the change in statewide smoke\u2010free laws and the rate of preterm or low birth weight delivery hospitalizations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Source<\/jats:title><jats:p>2002\u20102013 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quasi\u2010experimental difference\u2010in\u2010differences design. We used multivariate logistic models to estimate the association between the change in state smoke\u2010free laws and preterm or low birth weight delivery hospitalizations. The analyses were also stratified by maternal race\/ethnicity to examine the differential effects by racial\/ethnic groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Collection\/Extraction Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Delivery hospitalizations among women aged 15\u201049\u00a0years were extracted using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, and Diagnosis\u2010Related Group codes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Principal Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010Hispanic black mothers had a higher rate of preterm or low birth weight delivery hospitalization than other racial\/ethnic groups. Overall, there was no association between the change in smoke\u2010free laws and preterm or low birth weight delivery rate. Among non\u2010Hispanic black mothers, the change in statewide smoke\u2010free laws was associated with a 0.9\u20101.9 percentage point (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) reduction in preterm or low birth weight delivery rate beginning in the third year after the laws took effect. There was no association among non\u2010Hispanic white mothers. A decline in the black\u2010white disparity of 0.6\u20101.6 percentage points (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) in preterm or low birth weight delivery rates was associated with the change in state smoke\u2010free laws.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The change in state smoke\u2010free laws was associated with a reduction in racial\/ethnic disparities in preterm or low birth weight delivery hospitalizations in selected US states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T11:59:12Z","timestamp":1599047952000},"page":"61-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of smoke\u2010free laws with preterm or low birth weight deliveries\u2014A multistate analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3025-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine\/Children's Healthcare of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanna","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Grosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanda D.","family":"Barfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Armour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office on Smoking and Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Courtney\u2010Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office on Smoking and Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Births: Provisional Data for 2017. Vital Statistics Rapid Release; no 4","year":"2018","author":"Hamilton BE","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1"},{"volume-title":"Describing the Increase in Preterm Births in the United States, 2014\u20132016","year":"2018","author":"Martin JA","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1"},{"volume-title":"Singleton Low Birthweight Rates, by Race and Hispanic Origin: United States, 2006\u20132016","year":"2018","author":"Womack LS","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1"},{"volume-title":"Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention","year":"2007","author":"Institute of Medicine","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1911-y"},{"volume-title":"National Vital Statistics Reports. Births: Final Data for 2017","author":"Martin JA","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.00013.x"},{"volume-title":"Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2014. Chapter 9. Reproductive Outcomes","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1"},{"volume-title":"Tobacco Use and Pregnancy \u2013 How Does Smoking During Pregnancy Harm My Health and My Baby?","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"e_1_2_8_10_1"},{"volume-title":"How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking\u2010Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General: Executive Summary","year":"2010","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-010-0599-2"},{"volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General","year":"2006","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in smoking before, during, and after pregnancy\u2014Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, United States, 40 sites, 2000\u20132010","volume":"62","author":"Tong VT","year":"2013","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Surveillance Summaries"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Vital signs: disparities in nonsmokers' exposure to secondhand smoke\u2013United States, 1999\u20132012","volume":"64","author":"Homa DM","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"volume-title":"Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Facts","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005992.pub2"},{"volume-title":"Smokefree Policies Reduce Secondhand Smoke Exposure","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"e_1_2_8_18_1"},{"volume-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking\u201450 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General","year":"2014","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1"},{"volume-title":"The Economics of Tobacco and Tobacco Control. National Cancer Institute Tobacco Control Monograph 21. NIH Publication No. 16\u2010CA\u20108029A","year":"2016","author":"U.S. National Cancer Institute and World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.2365"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8114118"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/671020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2011.3305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-1952-x"},{"volume-title":"The effect of local smoking ordinances on fetal development: evidence from California","year":"2009","author":"Amaral M","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12451"},{"volume-title":"Smokefree Policies Improve Health","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"e_1_2_8_28_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02374.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057441"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","unstructured":"March of Dimes Foundation.PeriStats. Smoking among women of childbearing age: 2002\u20132013.https:\/\/www.marchofdimes.org\/peristats\/ViewSubtopic.aspx?reg=21&top=9&stop=146&lev=1&slev=4&obj=1. Accessed April 1 2018"},{"volume-title":"Area Health Resource Files (AHRF)","year":"2013","key":"e_1_2_8_35_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","unstructured":"American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation (ANRF).U.S. Tobacco Control Laws Database.https:\/\/no-smoke.org\/materials-services\/lists-maps\/. Accessed April 26 2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005992.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.783944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-007-0256-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3319"},{"volume-title":"Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data","year":"2010","author":"Wooldridge JM","key":"e_1_2_8_42_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301697"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181a66e96"},{"volume-title":"CDC STATE System Tobacco Legislation \u2010 Tax","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","key":"e_1_2_8_45_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003355304772839588"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12834"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/230638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.03.012"},{"volume-title":"Stata Statistical Software [computer program]. Version 14.0","year":"2014","key":"e_1_2_8_50_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022537516969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302655"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","first-page":"262","article-title":"Diffusion of local restaurant smoking regulations in Massachusetts: identifying disparities in health protection for population subgroups","volume":"12","author":"Deverell M","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Public Health Manag."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0335.2006.00565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0b013e3181f5426c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.6.1018"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","first-page":"SR9","article-title":"Race and ethnicity coding agreement between hospitals and between hospital and death data","volume":"14","author":"Fiscella K","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Sci Monit"}],"container-title":["Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1475-6773.13552","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1475-6773.13552","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1475-6773.13552","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T05:47:29Z","timestamp":1707716849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1475-6773.13552"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1475-6773.13552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1475-6773.13552","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-9124","1475-6773"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-9124"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-6773"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}