{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:07:21Z","timestamp":1791839241857,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Services Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review definitions, concepts, and evidence regarding person and family engagement for persons with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) in order to identify opportunities to advance the field.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Source<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ovid MEDLINE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a two\u2010step process as follows: (1) a critical review of conceptual models of engagement to identify key concepts most pertinent to engagement among persons with MCC as a \u201claunch pad\u201d to our scoping review and (2) a scoping review of reviews of engagement for persons living with MCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Collection\/Extraction Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>First, we critically reviewed six models of engagement. Second, our scoping review identified 1297 citations, with 67 articles meeting criteria for inclusion. Of these, we focused on reviews, of which there were nine titles\/abstracts retained for full\u2010text consideration. Six full\u2010text reviews were included in the final analysis. The purpose, review type, population, number\/type of included studies, theoretical framework, and findings of each study were extracted and analyzed thematically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Principal Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conceptual models of engagement differ with respect to areas of emphasis (e.g., systems or clinical encounters) as well as attention to vulnerable populations, involvement of family, consideration of cost\u2013benefit trade\u2010offs, and attention to outcomes that matter most. Our scoping review of reviews identified just one article explicitly focused on engagement interventions for those with MCC. Other reviews examined elements of self\u2010management and involvement in decision making, conceptually related to engagement without explicit use of the word. We find that existing evidence has predominantly described individual\u2010level strategies rather than targeting organizations, systems, or policies. Barriers to engagement are not well described nor are potential downsides to engagement. Family engagement is rarely considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Promising areas of future work include attention to barriers to engagement including trust, goal\u2010based care, the design of structural changes to care delivery, trade\u2010offs between benefits and costs, and family engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]],"date-time":"2021-08-07T02:35:19Z","timestamp":1628303719000},"page":"990-1005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["A scoping review of person and family engagement in the context of multiple chronic conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1637-5275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith B.","family":"Vick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-14101-1_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7249\/TL221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.5265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"A Roadmap for Patient + Family Engagement in Healthcare","author":"Carman KL","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"National Quality Forum.Priority Setting for Healthcare Performance Measurement: Addressing Performance Measure Gaps in Person\u2010Centered Care and Outcomes; 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BennettWL PittsS AboumatarH et al.Technical Brief: Strategies for Patient Family and Caregiver Engagement; 2020.","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCTB36"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00167"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"MaurerM DardessP CarmanKL FrazierK SmeedingL.Guide to patient and family engagement: environmental scan report (Prepared by American Institutes for Research under contract HHSA 290\u2013200\u2010600019).AHRQ Publ No 12\u20100042\u2010EF. 2012;(12)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S145646"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2004.00269.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"Patient Compliance (MeSH Descriptor Data 2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/shm\/17.3.327"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Health Promotion Glossary","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2012.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2016.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2012.1133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2014.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2012.1075"},{"issue":"446","key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"What are the effective elements in patient\u2010centered and multimorbidity care? 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