{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:41:27Z","timestamp":1787013687631,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Services Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate whether primary care providers' participation in the Comprehensive Primary Care Plus Initiative (CPC+) was associated with changes in their delivery of high\u2010value services.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners public use files from 2013 to 2019, 2017 to 2019 Medicare Part B claims for a 5% random sample of Medicare Fee\u2010for\u2010Service (FFS) beneficiaries, the Area Health Resources File, the National Plan & Provider Enumeration System files, and public use datasets from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Physician Compare.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n We used a difference\u2010in\u2010difference approach with a propensity score\u2010matched comparison group to estimate the association of CPC+ participation with the delivery of annual wellness visits (AWVs), advance care planning (ACP), flu shots, counseling to prevent tobacco use, and depression screening. These services are prominent examples of high\u2010value services, providing benefits to patients at a reasonable cost. We examined both the likelihood of delivering these services within a year and the count of services delivered per 1000 Medicare FFS beneficiaries per year.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Collection\/Extraction Methods<\/jats:title>\n Secondary data are linked at the provider level.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Principal Findings<\/jats:title>\n \n We find that CPC+ participation was associated with increases in the likelihood of delivering AWVs (13.03 percentage points by CPC+'s third year,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and the number of AWVs per 1000 Medicare FFS beneficiaries (44 more AWVs by CPC+'s third year,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). We also find that CPC+ participation was associated with more flu shots per 1000 beneficiaries (52 more shots by CPC+'s third year,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) but not with the likelihood of delivering flu shots. We did not find consistent evidence for the association between CPC+ participation and ACP services, counseling to prevent tobacco use, or depression screening.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n CPC+ participation was associated with increases in the delivery of AWVs and flu shots, but not other high\u2010value services.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.14213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T19:19:26Z","timestamp":1691608766000},"page":"1266-1291","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Participation in a Medicare advanced primary care model and the delivery of high\u2010value services"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2146-2362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Gasdaska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Analytics, North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Beadles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Altarium.High\u2010value care: strategies to address underuse.https:\/\/www.healthcarevaluehub.org\/application\/files\/5715\/6358\/4957\/RB_31_-_High_Value_Care.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Medicare Wellness Visits","author":"CMS.gov","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150131917736613"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"e76","article-title":"Medicare annual wellness visit association with healthcare quality and costs","volume":"25","author":"Beckman AL","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.105850"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","unstructured":"RTI International.Advance care planning among medicare fee\u2010for\u2010service beneficiaries and practitioners: final report.2020September 30."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.Advance care planning.2021https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare-coverage-database\/view\/lcd.aspx?lcdid=38970"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"Cost Savings and Cost\u2010Effectiveness of Clinical Preventive Care","author":"Goodell S","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","volume-title":"Screening for Depression in Adults","author":"U.S. Preventative Services Task Force","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Medicare Preventive Services","author":"CMS.gov","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.4342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010020\u201006032\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.8615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.8107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000962"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"Lower Flu Vaccination Rates Among Black, Hispanic, and Low\u2010Income Seniors Suggest Challenges for COVID\u201019 Vaccination Efforts","author":"Cubanski J","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913\u2010019\u20104368\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.Annual influenza vaccination disparities in Medicare beneficiaries.2021https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/files\/document\/data-snapshot-annual-influenza-vaccination.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.Depression disparities in Medicare fee\u2010for\u2010service beneficiaries.2021https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/About-CMS\/Agency-Information\/OMH\/Downloads\/OMH_Dwnld-DataSnapshot-Depression.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.1130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2018.1531376"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475\u20106773.14030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","volume-title":"Comprehensive Primary Care Plus","author":"CMS.gov","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Comprehensive Primary Care Plus (CPC+) request for applications. Version: 3.3 Updated for CPC+ Round 2","author":"CMS Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation, Seamless Care Models Group","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.2169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2544"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010023\u201008160\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","unstructured":"Mathematica. 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