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Participants received \u2265\u20093\u2009years of MHS care and separated from the military before October 1, 2016. The primary outcome was transition from MHS to VHA care after military separation. Covariates included demographic, military, and deployment characteristics at military separation; physical, mental, and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses, behavioral risk factors, and multimorbidity 2\u2009years before military separation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Principal Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 1,594,869 post\u20109\/11 veterans, 81.9% were male, 54.2% active\u2010duty, and 48.8% were ages 25\u201334. Of the 78% that transitioned to VHA care, 70% had combat deployments, 17.5% were women, and 38.5% were Asian\/Pacific Islander, Black, Hispanic, or Native American. Pain (55.8%) and smoking history (40.8%) were most prevalent 2\u2009years before military separation. Post\u20109\/11 veterans diagnosed with schizophrenia [average marginal effect (AME): 0.096, 95% CI: 0.0084\u20130.108] had a higher probability of transitioning to VHA care. Multimorbidity of TBI, PTSD, SUD, depression, or pain was associated with increased probability of transitioning to VHA care (AME: 0.043, 95% CI: 0.042\u20130.044). National Guard (AME: 0.089, 95% CI: 0.087\u20130.091) members transitioned more often than active duty members. Biracial\/multiracial\/multiethnic members (AME: \u22120.389, 95% CI: \u22120.395 to \u22120.383) had a lower probability of transitioning to VHA care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post\u20109\/11 veterans with multimorbidity and significant disease burden experienced more MHS\u2010VHA care transitions. Biracial\/multiracial\/multiethnic members may benefit from enhanced care coordination between the MHS and VHA to reduce disparities and improve population health in post\u20109\/11 veterans. Future research should examine MHS\u2010VHA care transitions in service members treated for suicidality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.70087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:39:20Z","timestamp":1771202360000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physical and Behavioral Health Diagnoses and Comorbidities Associated With Transition From Military Health System to Veterans Health Care Among Post\u20109\/11 Veterans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6319-8224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikki R.","family":"Wooten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Social Work University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Columbia VA Health Care System  USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan E.","family":"Amaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Salt Lake City Health Care System George E. Whalen VA Medical Center  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prince N. O.","family":"Addo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Behavioral Science Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine Florida State University  Tallahassee Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Navy  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicia R.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deployment Health Research Department U.S. Naval Health Research Center  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolph P.","family":"Rull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deployment Health Research Department U.S. Naval Health Research Center  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Boyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Puget Sound  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Social Work University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"},{"name":"Institute for Children and Families University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"DeFede\u2010Lop\u00e9z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Social Work University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina USA"},{"name":"University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Jo V.","family":"Pugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Salt Lake City Health Care System George E. Whalen VA Medical Center  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2021.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21657"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"L. 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GAO\u201004\u2010292R(2003) https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/a92363.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"U.S. Government Accountability Office DoD and VA: Preliminary Observations on Efforts to Improve Health Care and Disability Evaluations for Returning Service Members. GAO\u201007\u20101256T(2007)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"U.S. Government Accountability Office VA and DoD Health Care: VA has Policies and Outreach Efforts to Smooth Transition From DoD Health Care But Sharing of Health Information Remains Limited. GAO\u201005\u20101052R(2005) https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/gao\u201005\u20101052t.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"U.S. Government Accountability Office Efforts to Provide Seamless Transition of Care for OEF and OIF Servicemembers and Veterans. GAO\u201006\u2010794R(2006) https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/gao\u201006\u2010794r.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","unstructured":"U.S. Government Accountability Office Military and Veteran Support: DoD and VA Programs That Address the Effects of Combat and Transition to Civilian Life. GAO\u201015\u201024(2014) https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/assets\/gao\u201015\u201024.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","unstructured":"110th Congress. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008. 28. US2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","unstructured":"Combat Veteran Eligibility: Enhanced Eligibility for Health Care Benefits (Veterans Health Administration US Department of Veterans Affairs)(2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","unstructured":"The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 Pub. L. 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