{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T07:59:54Z","timestamp":1780646394407,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MD018180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MD018180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Services Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the effect of Medicaid continuous coverage provision (CCP) during the COVID\u201019 public health emergency on postpartum insurance for low\u2010income noncitizen immigrants compared to citizens, and to assess whether state use of the from\u2010conception\u2010to\u2010the\u2010end\u2010of\u2010pregnancy (FCEP) policy, which excluded many immigrants from postpartum coverage, modified this effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Setting and Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study used a quasi\u2010experimental design (difference\u2010in\u2010differences, or DID) to compare the insurance coverage gains between low\u2010income postpartum noncitizens and citizens, using 2019 as the reference year. We further applied a triple difference (DDD) approach to assess the effect of the FCEP\u2010only coverage policy, hypothesizing that noncitizens in states using FCEP as the sole pathway would experience smaller gains than in other states using various pathways to cover pregnant noncitizens otherwise ineligible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources and Analytic Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using the 2016\u20132022 American Community Survey individual\u2010level data, we identified 61,572 low\u2010income citizens (weighted\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097,553,823) and 10,444 low\u2010income noncitizens (weighted\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091,487,373), with 8 FCEP\u2010only states and 23 other states with various pathways.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Principal Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study period, the average postpartum uninsurance rate was 44.6% for noncitizens and 14.0% for citizens, while Medicaid coverage was 34.5% for noncitizens and 57.5% for citizens. Medicaid gains among noncitizens were statistically similar to gains among citizens in 2021 compared to 2019 in both FCEP\u2010only states (DID\u2009=\u20092.3 percentage points [pp], 95% CI: \u221213.3, 8.7) and states with various pathways (DID\u2009=\u20094.6\u2009pp, 95% CI: \u22121.2, 10.4), but these trends did not persist in 2022. We found no differences in insurance coverage gains among noncitizens between FCEP\u2010only and states with various pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings suggest that the CCP did not substantially reduce postpartum coverage inequities for noncitizen immigrants in either FCEP\u2010only states or states with various pathways. Postpartum coverage inequities persisted under the CCPs, leaving many noncitizens uninsured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.70105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T12:43:18Z","timestamp":1774356198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postpartum Insurance Rates Among Citizens Versus Noncitizens During the\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 Public Health Emergency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1889-7314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences UCLA Fielding School of Public Health  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabelle","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Science &amp; Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4106-7853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Administration &amp; Policy International Affairs Rockefeller College of Public Affairs and Policy, State University of New York at Albany  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9934-4406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Janevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellerie","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Science &amp; Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2023.10249"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xagr.2021.100030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.38983"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"R. 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