{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:34:33Z","timestamp":1772753673574,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,3,1]],"date-time":"1993-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":730944000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,2]],"date-time":"2015-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8311,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,3]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,12]],"date-time":"2004-07-12T14:33:14Z","timestamp":1089642794000},"page":"254-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Analysis of the Protective Effect of Different Sunscreens on Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Local and Systemic Suppression of Contact Hypersensitivity and Inflammatory Responses in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Wolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cherrie K.","family":"Donawho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret L.","family":"Kripke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-3670-9","author":"Parish","year":"1983","journal-title":"Photoimmunology"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00884.x","article-title":"Ultraviolet light treatment delays contact sensitization to nitrogen mustard","volume":"105","author":"Halprin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1990.tb08685.x","article-title":"Ultraviolet-B dose response curves for local and systemic immunosuppression are identical","volume":"52","author":"Noonan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01892183","article-title":"Suppression of contact hypersensitivity by ultraviolet radiation: an experimental model","volume":"4","author":"Noonan","year":"1981","journal-title":"Springer Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.124.1.445","article-title":"Epidermal Langerhans cell density determines whether contact hypersensitivity or unresponsiveness follows skin painting with DNFB","volume":"124","author":"Toews","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.158.1.84","article-title":"Mechanism of immune suppression by ultraviolet radiation in vivo. I. Evidence for the existence of a unique photoreceptor in skin and its role in photoimmunology","volume":"157","author":"DeFabo","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1981.tb09425.x","article-title":"Suppression of contact hypersensitivity by UV radiation and its relationship to UV-induced suppression of tumor immunity","volume":"34","author":"Noonan","year":"1981","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.158.3.781","article-title":"Analysis of the mechanism of unresponsiveness produced by haptens painted on skin exposed to low dose ultraviolet radiation","volume":"158","author":"Elmets","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3841","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.11.3841","article-title":"Effector and suppressor circuits of the immune response are activated in vivo by different mechanisms","volume":"84","author":"Okamoto","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.127.4.1707","article-title":"Antigen presentation by murine epidermal Langerhans cells and its alteration by UVB light","volume":"127","author":"Stingl","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0060","first-page":"258","article-title":"Ultraviolet B light-induced alteration in epidermal Langerhans cells are mediated in part by tumor necrosis factor-alpha","volume":"7","author":"Vermeer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0065","first-page":"139","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and ultraviolet B light have similar effects on contact hypersensitivity in mice","volume":"3","author":"Yoshikawa","year":"1990","journal-title":"Reg Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.10.3072","article-title":"cis-Urocanic acid suppression of contact hypersensitivity induction is mediated via tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1","volume":"148","author":"Kurimoto","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469071","article-title":"In vivo administration of II-1 to normal mice decreases their capacity to elicit contact hypersensitivity responses: prostaglandins are involved in this modification of the immune response","volume":"88","author":"Robertson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12696708","article-title":"Inhibition of the induction of contact hypersensitivity by a UV-mediated epidermal cytokine","volume":"87","author":"Schwarz","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12873322","article-title":"Immunosuppression by factors released from UV-irradiated epidermal cells: selective effects on the generation of contact and delayed hypersensitivity after exposure to UVA or UVB radiation","volume":"94","author":"Kim","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.170.4.1117","article-title":"Identification of the molecular target for the suppression of contact hypersensitivity by ultraviolet radiation","volume":"170","author":"Applegate","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7516","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.16.7516","article-title":"Pyrimidine dimers in DNA initiate systemic immunosuppression in UV-irradiated mice","volume":"89","author":"Kripke","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/57.1.211","article-title":"Immunologic parameters of ultraviolet carcinogenesis","volume":"57","author":"Kripke","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6210958","article-title":"Suppressor T lymphocytes control the development of primary skin cancers in ultraviolet-irradiated mice","volume":"216","author":"Fisher","year":"1982","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197410)34:4<1333::AID-CNCR2820340447>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Nonmelanoma skin cancer in four areas of the U.S","volume":"34","author":"Scotto","year":"1974","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1980.01640280090030","article-title":"The relative importance of risk factors in nonmelanoma carcinoma","volume":"116","author":"Vitaliano","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6203.1461","article-title":"Collaborative United Kingdom-Australiasian study of cancer in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs","volume":"2","author":"Kinlen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92221-9","article-title":"Cancer, warts, and sunshine in renal transplant patients: a case-control study","volume":"1","author":"Boyle","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12504877","article-title":"Susceptibility to effects of UVB radiation on induction of contact hypersensitivity as a risk factor for skin cancer","volume":"95","author":"Yoshikawa","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196906262802607","article-title":"Evaluation of topical agents that prevent sunburn-superiority of para-aminobenzoic acid and its ester in ethyl alcohol","volume":"280","author":"Pathak","year":"1969","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12506359","article-title":"Prevention of ultraviolet damage to the dermis of hairless mice by sunscreens","volume":"78","author":"Kligman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0145","first-page":"49","article-title":"Low SPF sunscreens reduce photoageing in mice","volume":"103","author":"Young","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cosmet Toilet"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(80)80221-0","article-title":"Sunscreens prevent ultraviolet photocarcinogenesis","volume":"3","author":"Kligman","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12610349","article-title":"Ability of PABA to protect mammalian skin from ultraviolet light-induced skin tumors and actinic damage","volume":"65","author":"Synder","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12499926","article-title":"Sunscreens protect epidermal Langerhans cells and Thy-1 + but not local contact sensitization from the effects of ultraviolet light","volume":"98","author":"Ho","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.126.5.1892","article-title":"Relationship between epidermal Langerhans cell density, ATPase activity and the induction of contact hypersensitivity","volume":"126","author":"Lynch","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12277156","article-title":"Ultraviolet radiation-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity in relation to Padimate O and oxybenzone","volume":"92","author":"Fisher","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12526084","article-title":"The effects of various sunscreen agents on skin damage and the induction of tumor susceptibility in mice subjected to ultraviolet irradiation","volume":"76","author":"Gurish","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12466123","article-title":"Analysis of the effects of a sunscreen agent on the suppression of natural killer cell activity induced in human subjects by radiation from solarium lamps","volume":"88","author":"Hersey","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12483065","article-title":"Effect of topical sunscreens on the UV-radiation-induced suppression of the alloactivating capacity in human skin in vivo","volume":"97","author":"Praag","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12483006","article-title":"Differential protection by two sunscreens from UV radiation-induced immunosuppression","volume":"97","author":"Reeve","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12273470","article-title":"The effect of a sunscreen containing para-aminobenzoic acid on the systemic immunologic alterations induced in mice by exposure to UVB radiation","volume":"83","author":"Morison","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0200","first-page":"195","article-title":"Effect of sunlight and its component wavebands on contact hypersensitivity in mice and guinea pigs","volume":"2","author":"Morison","year":"1985","journal-title":"Photodermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0205","first-page":"525","article-title":"Sunlight suppressing rejection of 280- to 320-nm UV-radiation-induced skin tumors in mice","volume":"74","author":"Morison","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1970.04000100053012","article-title":"Aminobezoic acid and its esters: the quest for more effective sunscreens","volume":"102","author":"Willis","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1977.tb07520.x","article-title":"The sensitizing effect of a sunscreen agent, p-aminobenzoic acid, on near UV-induced damage in a repair deficient strain of Escherichia coli","volume":"26","author":"Hodges","year":"1977","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0220","first-page":"15","article-title":"Methyl cinnamate derivatives enhance UV-induced mutagenesis due to the inhibition of DNA excision repair in Escherichia coli B\/r","volume":"146","author":"Shimoi","year":"1985","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1984.tb04604.x","article-title":"P-aminobenzoic acid can sensitize the formation of pyrimidine dimers in D NA: direct chemical evidence","volume":"40","author":"Sutherland","year":"1984","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1982.tb04346.x","article-title":"P-aminobenzoic acid sunlamp sensitization of pyrimidine dimer formation and transformation in human cells","volume":"36","author":"Sutherland","year":"1982","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038_bb0235","first-page":"193","article-title":"Sunscreen agents induce DNA repair activity in mouse embryo fibroblasts","volume":"5","author":"Long","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022202X9390181G?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022202X9390181G?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,13]],"date-time":"2024-01-13T21:21:44Z","timestamp":1705180904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022202X9390181G"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022202X9390181G"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12469038","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-202X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-202X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,3]]}}}