{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:02:39Z","timestamp":1791194559533,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,29]],"date-time":"2003-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Risk Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In risk assessment, no observed exposure level (NOAEL) and benchmark dose (BMD) are usually derived either from epidemiological studies in humans or from animal experiments. In many <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> studies, concentration\u2010effect\/response curves have been analyzed using different mathematical models finalized to the identification of EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>. In the present article, we propose a model to fit dose\u2010response curves <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. The BMD approach has been used to compare the cell viability (MTT assay) of different rat (C6 and PC12, glial and neuronal, respectively) and human cell lines (D384 and SK\u2010N\u2010MC, glial and neuronal, respectively) after 24\u2010hour exposure to the following neurotoxic substances: manganese chloride (MnCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), methyl\u2010mercury (Me\u2010Hg), and the enantiomers of styrene oxide (SO). For all rat and human cell lines, the potency of the examined compounds was: <jats:styled-content>MnCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> &lt; <jats:italic>S\u2010<\/jats:italic>SO &lt; <jats:italic>R\u2010<\/jats:italic>SO &lt; Me\u2010Hg<\/jats:styled-content>. A preliminary comparison with <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> toxicity data for these substances gave rise to consistent results. Whereas a reasonable agreement between <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> data has been found for Mn and styrene oxide, a wide scatter of LOAEL has been reported for Me\u2010Hg and these appear to be either much higher or lower than the BMD for the MTT assay we observed <jats:italic>in<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1539-6924.00331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,29]],"date-time":"2003-05-29T09:05:44Z","timestamp":1054199144000},"page":"505-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Models of Neurotoxicity: Extrapolation of Benchmark Doses <i>in Vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Goldoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vittoria Vettori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Alinovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Caglieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Ceccatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Mutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"In vitro techniques for the assessment of neurotoxicity","volume":"106","author":"Harry G.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3433790"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(01)00289-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Neurotoxicology in vitro","author":"Flint O.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Neurotoxicology in vitro","author":"Parker T.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5290-7_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0272-4332.211095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(84)90107-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00911.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1994.1133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1994.1134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.2000.1453"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","first-page":"211","article-title":"Risk assessment for neurotoxic effects","volume":"11","author":"Gaylor D. 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