{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:54:18Z","timestamp":1791240858585,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a foodborne pathogen that is frequently found in the environment. It can easily enter food processing environments and contaminate food, potentially causing public health issues. Food business operators (FBOs) are responsible for the control of\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the food processing environment, particularly in facilities producing ready\u2010to\u2010eat food. The design and implementation of an effective environmental monitoring program (EMP) for\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an integral part of controlling\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . An effective EMP, including all aspects from sampling, to analysis, to data interpretation, to implementation of corrective actions (including food disposition), is a tool that will help with identification and control of\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    contamination. It should be used in conjunction with end product testing, not as a replacement for it. An EMP should be specifically designed for a particular facility on a case\u2010by\u2010case risk\u2010based approach, by a food safety team within the facility. It should be reviewed regularly (at least every 6 months) and verified for its effectiveness. The control of\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the food industry involves the full commitment of management and of all personnel involved with the safety of foods placed on the market, thus reducing the risk of listeriosis to consumers. Several regulatory and guidance documents provide recommendations for designing aspects of an effective\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    EMP. However, a comprehensive review of the key components of an EMP in a single document is lacking. The objective of the present review is to provide FBOs with a practical guide to design, implementation, and verification of an EMP tailored by the food safety team for each food business.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T07:54:19Z","timestamp":1597996459000},"page":"2843-2861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["<i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>\n                    environmental sampling program in ready\u2010to\u2010eat processing facilities: A practical approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9065-1277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Spanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassari  Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3017-9622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kieran","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Safety Teagasc Food Research Centre  Fermoy Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12516"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-415923-5.00028-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Booth C. M.(2018).Should you rotate disinfectants? Industry experts weigh in. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.pharmaceuticalonline.com\/doc\/should-you-rotate-disinfectants-industry-experts-weigh-in-0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"BRC global standard food safety version 8 (August 2018)","author":"BRC Global Standard","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Carpentier B. &Barre L.(2012).Guidelines on sampling the food processing area and equipment for the detection ofListeria monocytogenes. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/food\/sites\/food\/files\/safety\/docs\/biosafety_fh_mc_guidelines_on_sampling.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019).Outbreak ofListeriainfections final update. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/outbreaks\/monocytogenes-08-19\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390701856272"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"Channaiah L. H.(2015).Improving environmental controls. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.foodqualityandsafety.com\/article\/improving-environmental-controls\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-4337.2003.tb00012.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Codex Alimentarius Commission. (2003).Recommended international code of practice general principles of food hygiene. CAC\/RCP 1\u20131969 Rev. 4. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.who.int\/foodsafety\/publications\/food-businesses\/en\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Codex Alimentarius Commission. (2007).Guidelines on the application of general principles of food hygiene to the control ofListeria monocytogenesin foods. CAC\/GL 61\u20132007. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.fao.org\/fao-who-codexalimentarius\/codex-texts\/guidelines\/en\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(00)00035-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70870-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.052720-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.002980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(03)00238-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073\/2005 of 15 November 2015 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs","volume":"333","author":"European Commission","year":"2005","journal-title":"Official Journal of the European Union"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). (2018).Listeria monocytogenes: Update on foodborne outbreak. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/press\/news\/180703"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO. (2004).Risk assessment ofListeria monocytogenesin ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods: Technical report. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/y5394e\/y5394e00.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO. (2019).Food control system assessment tool: Introduction and glossary. Food safety and quality series No. 7\/1. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/329866\/9789241515719-eng.pdf?seque"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"FDA\/CFSAN. (2017).Control ofListeria monocytogenesin ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods: Guidance for industry. Draft guidance. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/draft-guidance-industry-control-listeria-monocytogenes-ready-eat-foods"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-13-150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2017.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05529-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00468-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1983.tb02613.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"Listeria monocytogenes guidance on environmental monitoring and corrective actions in at\u2010risk foods, July 7, 2014","author":"Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA)","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","unstructured":"Health Canada. (2010).MFLP\u201041. Environmental sampling for the detection of microorganisms. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/food-nutrition\/research-programs-analytical-methods\/analytical-methods\/compendium-methods\/laboratory-procedures-microbiological-analysis-foods-compendium-analytical-methods.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","unstructured":"Health Canada. (2011).Policy onListeria monocytogenesin ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods FD\u2010FSNP 0071 (2011). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.canada.ca\/content\/dam\/hc-sc\/migration\/hc-sc\/fn-an\/alt_formats\/pdf\/legislation\/pol\/policy_listeria_monocytogenes_2011-eng.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00252-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ijfs.2013.e31"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8369-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","volume-title":"ISO 18593: Microbiology of the food chain\u2013Horizontal methods for surface sampling","author":"International Organization for Standardization (ISO)","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-53.1.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-018-0090-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16286-7_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-378612-8.00356-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1605(89)90017-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","unstructured":"Kornacki J. L.(2012).Detecting sources ofListeria monocytogenesin the ready\u2010to\u2010eat food processing environment. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fsis.usda.gov\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/48912709-a74f-420d-a74a-1eca58ea2329\/Seminar_Detecting_Sources_of_LM.pdf?MOD=AJPERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9781855737044.1.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.63.4.1252-1255.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-17-466"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67166-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1243302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804303-5.00005-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","unstructured":"Ministry for Primary Industries\u2010 New Zealand Government (MPI). (2017a).Guidance for the control ofListeria monocytogenesin ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods part 1: Listeriamanagement and glossary. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mpi.govt.nz\/dmsdocument\/16300\/send"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","unstructured":"Ministry for Primary Industries New Zealand Government (MPI). (2017b).Guidance for the control ofListeria monocytogenesin ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods part 3: Monitoring activities. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mpi.govt.nz\/dmsdocument\/16306-guidance-for-the-control-of-listeria-monocytogenes-in-ready-to-eat-foods-part-3-monitoring-activities"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","unstructured":"Ministry for Primary Industries New Zealand Government (MPI). (2017c).Guidance for the control ofListeria monocytogenesin ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods part 4: Corrective actions. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mpi.govt.nz\/dmsdocument\/16309-guidance-for-the-control-of-listeria-monocytogenes-in-ready-to-eat-foods-part-4-corrective-actions"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2014.10.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-15-195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.10.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2018.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0703-8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","unstructured":"NSW Food Authority. (2008).Food authority for meat processors and retail meat licensees. ListeriaManagement Program NSW\/FA\/FI034\/0809. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.foodauthority.nsw.gov.au\/_Documents\/industry\/listeria_management_program.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","unstructured":"NSW Food Authority. (2016).ControllingListeria monocytogenesin the food processing environment. Guide for the development of an environmental monitoring program. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.foodauthority.nsw.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/_Documents\/industry\/controlling_listeria_monocytogenes_food_processing.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","unstructured":"NSW Food Authority. (2019).ControllingListeria monocytogenesin the food processing environment. Food safety schemes manual\u2014Appendix 3. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.foodauthority.nsw.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-01\/controlling_listeria_monocytogenes_food_processing.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01065-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Listeria, listeriosis and food safety","author":"Sauders B. D.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00282-12"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Guidelines for Listeria testing of environmental, raw product and finished product samples in smoked seafood processing facilities","volume":"25","author":"Scott V. N.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Protection Trends"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2017.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-11-502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2014.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01049-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1907462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-65.4.709"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Environmental sampling: A tool to verify the effectiveness of preventive hygiene measures","volume":"95","author":"Tompkin R. B.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mitteilungen aus Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","unstructured":"Tompkin R. B. Scott V. N. Bernard D. T. Sveum W. H. &Gombas K. S.(1999).Guidelines to prevent post\u2010processing contamination fromListeria monocytogenes. Dairy food and environmental sanitation: A publication of the International Association of Milk. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/agris.fao.org\/agris-search\/search.do?recordID=US201302911874"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-700655-0.50010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2003).Quantitative assessment of relative risk to public health from foodborneListeria monocytogenesamong selected categories of ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/cfsan-risk-safety-assessments\/quantitative-assessment-relative-risk-public-health-foodborne-listeria-monocytogenes-among-selected"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2017).Draft guidance for industry: Control ofListeria monocytogenesin refrigerated or frozen ready\u2010to\u2010eat foods. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/draft-guidance-industry-control-listeria-monocytogenes-ready-eat-foods"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA). (2018).Get the facts aboutListeria!Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/animal-veterinary\/animal-health-literacy\/get-facts-about-listeria#statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","unstructured":"USDA\/FSIS. (2003).9 CFR 430.4. Control ofListeria monocytogenesin post\u2010lethality exposed ready\u2010to\u2010eat products. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/cgi-bin\/retrieveECFR?gp=1&SID=fbd89fe67ccdac52584c24a7621a8a9b&ty=HTML&h=L&mc=true&r=PART&n=pt9.2.430#se9.2.430_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","unstructured":"USDA\/FSIS. (2013).Intensified verification testing (IVT) protocol for sampling of product food contact surfaces and environmental surfaces forListeria monocytogenes(Lm) or Salmonella spp. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fsis.usda.gov\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/192869e9-7931-4a6f-9178-eabc3835185c\/10300.1.pdf?MOD=AJPERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","unstructured":"USDA\/FSIS. (2014).FSIS compliance guideline: ControllingListeria monocytogenesin post\u2010lethality exposed ready\u2010to\u2010eat meat and poultry products. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fsis.usda.gov\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/d3373299-50e6-47d6-a577-e74a1e549fde\/Controlling-Lm-RTE-Guideline.pdf?MOD=AJPERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","volume-title":"Compendium of methods for the microbiological examination of foods","author":"Vanderzant C.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfs.12315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","unstructured":"WHO. (2018).Listeriosis. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/listeriosis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12366"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.07.002"}],"container-title":["Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12619","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12619","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12619","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T06:40:12Z","timestamp":1761892812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1541-4337.12619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12619","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1541-4337","1541-4337"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1541-4337","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-4337","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-02-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}