{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:20:08Z","timestamp":1787062808027,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Peru has a commodities\u2010based economy where agriculture plays an essential role in the nation's development. Among agricultural products, fruits and vegetables are foundational to Peruvian culture and a healthy and nutritious diet. Produce is also the primary income source for thousands of small\u2010scale farmers and producers throughout the country. Peru has significant potential to export agricultural and value\u2010added products. Nevertheless, the Peruvian food chain has weak food safety and quality standards, limiting access to international markets. The inherent lack of food safety surveillance and management systems negatively affects public health. In the past decade, fresh and raw produce has been associated with several foodborne outbreaks worldwide, resulting in significant health and economic losses. This alarming situation for public health officials and regulators has called for the strengthening of produce safety standards and food safety risk management for safer food and to reduce the incidence of foodborne illnesses. This review summarizes the current status of produce safety in Peru and explores opportunities (e.g., policy, university capacity development) toward a safer food system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T04:25:24Z","timestamp":1603427124000},"page":"3323-3342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Food safety in Peru: A review of fresh produce production and challenges in the public health system"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9580-5773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Ramirez\u2010Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science Department Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar A.","family":"Galagarza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science Department Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariel V.","family":"\u00c1lvarez Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Process Engineering Department Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa  Arequipa Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Pachari Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Process Engineering Department Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa  Arequipa Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Valdez Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences Department Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa  Arequipa Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda J.","family":"Deering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science Department Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5851-6523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haley F.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Science Department Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.4081\/ijfs.2016.5580","article-title":"Economic issues on food safety","volume":"5","author":"Adinolfi F.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Italian Journal of Food Safety"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Zero hunger","author":"Allahyari M. S.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"Azimi K. Ferrero C. Loucky J. Olivares H. &Rojas A.(2012).Asparagus in Peru: Microeconomics of competitiveness.Boston Massachusetts. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.isc.hbs.edu\/resources\/courses\/moc-course-at-harvard\/Documents\/pdf\/student-projects\/Asparagus%20Cluster-%20Final%20Report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"Banda Moreno C. C. Delgado Barrio de Mendoza C. M. Martinez Quispe A. F. &Morales Luna M. T.(2017).Planeamiento estrat\u00e9gico para la industria de supermercados en el Peru.Master Thesis Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/tesis.pucp.edu.pe\/repositorio\/bitstream\/handle\/20.500.12404\/8763\/BANDA_DELGADO_PLANEAMIENTO_SUPERMERCADOS.pdf?sequence=4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"Barrantes R. &Hopkins A.(2015).Agroindustria y pobreza\u2013el caso de Per\u00fa. Serie Documento de Trabajo. Grupo de trabajo desarrollo con cohesi\u00f3n territorial. Documento No. 154. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/rimisp.org\/wp-content\/files_mf\/1434743505154CCazzuffi150517Agroindustria_pobrezaPer%FA_editado.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2210.150765"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Calidad del agua en el Per\u00fa. Retos y aportes para una gesti\u00f3n sostenible en aguas residuales","author":"Bauer J. L.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Becerra Gallardo R. &Sigue\u00f1as Saavedra M.(2009).Per\u00fa: Segundo informe sobre el estado de los recursos fitogen\u00e9ticos para la alimentaci\u00f3n y la agricultura.Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n & Subdirecci\u00f3n de Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos y Biotecnolog\u00eda. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/i1500e\/Peru.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Beltr\u00e1n A. Castro J. F. &V\u00e1squez E.(2017).Hambre cero al a\u00f1o 20230 en el Per\u00fa\u00bf C\u00f3mo lograr el segundo objetivo de desarrollo sostenible?Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/docs.wfp.org\/api\/documents\/WFP-0000063889\/download\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2017.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"Cabanillas Llanos G. L.(2014).Thesis: Calidad ambiental de la cuenca hidrogr\u00e1fica baja del rio Chicama influenciada por la actividad poblacional.Ascope\u2010La Libertad 2014. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo Trujillo Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/dspace.unitru.edu.pe\/handle\/UNITRU\/4384"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2015a).Parasites food. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/parasites\/food.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2015b).Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome and flu vaccine. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/prevent\/guillainbarre.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2017).Campylobacter(Campylobacteriosis). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/campylobacter\/faq.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019a).Campylobacter(Campylobacteriosis). Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/campylobacter\/guillain-barre.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019b).Outbreak ofE. coliinfections linked to romaine lettuce. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ecoli\/2018\/o157h7-11-18\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019c).Reports of selectedSalmonellaoutbreak investigations. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/salmonella\/outbreaks.html"},{"issue":"48","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"1225","article-title":"Sistema integrado epidemiol\u00f3gico de notificaci\u00f3n de brotes, emergencias y desastres (SIEpi\u2010BROTES)","volume":"28","author":"Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Prevenci\u00f3n y Control de Enfermedades \u2010 Per\u00fa, Ministerio de Salud (CDC\u2010MINSA)","year":"2019","journal-title":"Boletin Epidemiologico del Peru"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda Prevenci\u00f3n y Control de Enfermedades\u2010 Per\u00fa Ministerio de Salud (CDC\u2010MINSA). (2019b).Sala de situaci\u00f3n de salud Per\u00fa a la SE 45\u20102019. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.dge.gob.pe\/portal\/docs\/vigilancia\/sala\/2019\/salaSE45.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"Centro Nacional de Planeamiento Estrat\u00e9gico (CEPLAN). (2011).Plan bicentenario: El Per\u00fa hacia 2021. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mef.gob.pe\/contenidos\/acerc_mins\/doc_gestion\/PlanBicentenarioversionfinal.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"Centro Nacional de Planeamiento Estrat\u00e9gico (CEPLAN). (2017).Informe nacional voluntario sobre la implementaci\u00f3n de la agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/content\/documents\/15856Peru.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","unstructured":"Centuri\u00f3n Puma M. &Takajara Santander M. E.(2004).Thesis: Determinaci\u00f3n de la incidencia deListeria monocytogenesen pollos frescos y verduras frescas obtenidos en mercados obtenidos en mercados y centros de abastecimiento de Lima Metropolitana.Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe\/handle\/cybertesis\/1108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03441.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.21704\/rea.v7i1-2.372","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n de la capacidad de remoci\u00f3n de bacterias coliformes fecales y demanda bioqu\u00edmica de ox\u00edgeno de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales\" La Totora\", Ayacucho, Per\u00fa","volume":"7","author":"Chuch\u00f3n Mart\u00ednez S. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecolog\u00eda Aplicada"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","unstructured":"D\u00edaz Alegr\u00eda P.(2018).Thesis: Determinaci\u00f3n de la calidad fisicoqu\u00edmica y. microbiol\u00f3gica del agua de la quebrada Chupishi\u00f1a distrito de Rumisapa provincia de Lamas y regi\u00f3n San Mart\u00edn.Universidad Peruana Uni\u00f3n Tarapoto Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/file\/D\/Downloads\/Peter_Tesis_Licenciatura_2018.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensci.2019.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","unstructured":"Eguren L.(2014).Estimaci\u00f3n de los subsidios en los principales proyectos de irrigaci\u00f3n en la costa peruana. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/core.ac.uk\/download\/pdf\/83828263.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Nivel de contaminaci\u00f3n fecal en hortalizas expendidas en mercados de Hu\u00e1nuco y su relaci\u00f3n en el riego con aguas residuales no tratadas","volume":"8","author":"Escobedo Bail\u00f3n C. M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Investigaci\u00f3n Valdizana"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","unstructured":"Farf\u00e1n Z\u00fa\u00f1iga C. C.(2016).Thesis: Estudio de prefactibilidad para brindar el servicio de transporte fluvial de alimentos perecibles en la selva nor oriental del Per\u00fa.Universidad de Lima Lima Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/200.11.53.159\/bitstream\/handle\/ulima\/3499\/Farfan_Zuniga_Claudia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/ World Health Organization (FAO\/WHO). (2014).Multicriteria\u2010based ranking for risk management of foodborne parasites.Microbiological Risk Assessment Series No. 23. Rome.302pp."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/Pan American Health Organization\/ World Food Programme\/United Nations Children's Fund (FAO\/PAHO\/WFP\/UNICEF). (2019).Panorama de la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe.Santiago. pp.135."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2020).FSMA final rule on foreign supplier verification programs (FSVP) for importers of food for humans and animals. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma\/fsma-final-rule-foreign-supplier-verification-programs-fsvp-importers-food-humans-and-animals"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019).Import refusal report refusal actions by FDA as recorded is OASIS for Peru. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/importrefusals\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2011).Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA).Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/guidance-regulation-food-and-dietary-supplements\/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2017).Draft guidance for industry: Hazard analysis and risk\u2010based preventive controls for human food. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/100002\/download"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","unstructured":"Food Quality & Safety\u2014Farm to Fork Safety. (2015).Food safety in South America by Linda L. Leake. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.foodqualityandsafety.com\/article\/food-safety-in-south-america\/?singlepage=1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","unstructured":"Garaycochea M. C. &Beltran M.(2018).Par\u00e1sitos intestinales en zonas rurales de cuatro provincias del departamento de Lima. Bolet\u00edn Institucional Instituto Nacional de Salud. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/repositorio.ins.gob.pe\/xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/INS\/1104\/89-95.pdf?sequence=1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","first-page":"102","article-title":"Fecal contamination of food, water, hands and kitchen utensils at the household level in rural areas of Peru","volume":"76","author":"Gil A. I.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","unstructured":"Global G. A. P.(2015).G.A.P. in action: Promoting good agricultural practices in Peru Brazil and Argentina. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.globalgap.org\/uk_en\/media-events\/news\/articles\/G.A.P.-in-Action-Promoting-Good-Agricultural-Practices-in-Peru-Brazil-and-Argentina\/"},{"issue":"77","key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Agriculture and ecosystem services: A case study of asparagus in Ica, Peru","volume":"42","author":"G\u00f3mez R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Apuntes"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2207.151896","article-title":"Outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus sequence type 120, Peru, 2009","volume":"22","author":"Gonzalez\u2010Escalona N.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Disease"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"Pediatric Campylobacter diarrhea from household exposure to live chickens in Lima, Peru","volume":"66","author":"Grados O.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.24039\/cv2013117","article-title":"Vigilancia de Escherichia coli O157: H7 en alimentos y aguas","volume":"1","author":"Guerrero Barrantes C.","year":"2013","journal-title":"C\u00e1tedra Villarreal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis de calidad de agua de la cuenca hidrogr\u00e1fica Chicama, Per\u00fa","volume":"31","author":"Guerrero Padilla A. M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gesti\u00f3n Ambiental"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","unstructured":"Guerrero Padilla A. M.(2019).Master Thesis: Calidad del agua de uso agr\u00edcola en la cuenca media del rio Jequetepeque Per\u00fa. Universidad Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe\/bitstream\/handle\/cybertesis\/11157\/Guerrero_pa.pdf?sequence=1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001923"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183641"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","unstructured":"Horna I.(2006).Master Thesis: Evaluaci\u00f3n de la calidad del agua del r\u00edo Grande en la provincia de Cajamarca durante los a\u00f1os 2004\u20132005. Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca Cajamarca Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.cao-ombudsman.org\/cases\/document-links\/documents\/EvaluaciondelaCalidaddelAgua2004-2005.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","unstructured":"Instituto de Evaluaci\u00f3n de Tecnolog\u00edas en Salud e Investigaci\u00f3n (IETSI). (2018).Reporte de evidencias No.1 revisi\u00f3n r\u00e1pida sobre el s\u00edndrome de Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 Mayo. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/blog.pucp.edu.pe\/blog\/sst\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2018\/06\/rep_evid_1_2018_rev_rap_sind_guillain_barre-final.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","unstructured":"Interagency Food Safety Analytics Collaboration (IFSAC). (2018).Foodborne illness source attribution estimates for 2016 forSalmonella Escherichia coliO157 Listeria monocytogenes andCampylobacterusing multi\u2010year outbreak surveillance data United States.GA and DC:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services CDC FDA USDA\u2010FSIS. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/foodsafety\/ifsac\/pdf\/P19-2016-report-TriAgency-508.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaffee S. Henson S. Unnevehr L. Grace D. &Cassou E.(2019).The safe food imperative: Accelerating progress in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries.Washington DC:World Bank Group. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/bitstream\/handle\/10986\/30568\/9781464813450.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y","DOI":"10.1596\/978-1-4648-1345-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Agriculture in urban planning, generating livelihoods and food security","author":"Juarez H.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leiva\u2010Tafur D. Ch\u00e1vez\u2010Ortiz J. &Corroto F.(2016).Evaluaci\u00f3n de la calidad fisicoqu\u00edmica y microbiol\u00f3gica del r\u00edo Shocol provincia de Rodr\u00edguez de Mendoza Amazonas. INDESRevista de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Sustentable 2(1) 62\u201370.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25127\/indes.20142.65","DOI":"10.25127\/indes.20142.65"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Adaptaci\u00f3n de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales en la comunidad urbana de Lacabamba, regi\u00f3n Ancash\u2010Per\u00fa, usando tecnolog\u00edas de humedales artificiales","volume":"9","author":"Lovera D.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista del Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de la Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda Geol\u00f3gica, Minera, Metal\u00fargica y Geogr\u00e1fica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","unstructured":"Loza A.(2018).Peru: Food and agricultural import regulations and standards report. FAIRS annual country report 2018. United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/apps.fas.usda.gov\/newgainapi\/api\/report\/downloadreportbyfilename?filename=Food%20and%20Agricultural%20Import%20Regulations%20and%20Standards%20Report_Lima_Peru_3-22-2019.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.80.2.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","unstructured":"Martin Alva E. A.(2007).Doctoral Thesis: Listeria monocytogenesen repollo y lechuga como veh\u00edculos de transmisi\u00f3n de literiosis humana. Mercados La Hermelinda Central y Palermo de Trujillo Per\u00fa. 2006\u20132007. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo Trujillo Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/dspace.unitru.edu.pe\/handle\/UNITRU\/5786"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","unstructured":"Meade B. Baldwin K. &Calvin L.(2010).Peru: An emerging exporter of fruits and vegetables. A report from the Economic Research Service\/United States Department of Agriculture. Washington DC FTS\u2010345\u201001. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/webdocs\/publications\/37036\/8042_fts34501.pdf?v=0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","unstructured":"Mendoza Mu\u00f1oz Y.(2018).Doctoral Thesis: Determinaci\u00f3n de los agentes infecciosos presentes en los residuos s\u00f3lidos en las riberas del rio Huatanay y \u00e1reas valeda\u00f1as a la instituci\u00f3n educativa estatal No. 501187. Cusco. 2014. Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa.Arequipa Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/repositorio.unsa.edu.pe\/bitstream\/handle\/UNSA\/5532\/BIDmemuy.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation\/Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (MINAGRI). (2020).Porque es importante el Codex Alimentarius. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/minagri.gob.pe\/portal\/comercio-exterior\/icomo-exportar\/importancia-de-la-calidad-en-las-agroexportaciones\/694-porque-es-importante-el-codex-alimentarius"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation\/ Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (MINAGRI). (2017).Sector agricultura se consolido el 2017 como el segundo generador de mayores divisas para el Per\u00fa. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.minagri.gob.pe\/portal\/publicaciones-y-prensa\/noticias-2018\/20660-sector-agricultura-se-consolido-el-2017-como-el-segundo-generador-de-mayores-divisas-para-el-peru-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation\/ Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (MINAGRI). (2011).Decrete Supremo No. 004\u20102011\u2010AG. Aprueban reglamento de inocuidad agroalimentaria. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/minagri.gob.pe\/portal\/download\/pdf\/marcolegal\/normaslegales\/decretossupremos\/2011\/ds04-2011-ag.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation\/Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (MINAGRI\u2010SENASA). (2019a).Buenas Practicas Agr\u00edcolas. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.senasa.gob.pe\/senasacontigo\/tag\/buenas-practicas-agricolas\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation\/Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (MINAGRI\u2010SENASA). (2019b).Aprueban el nuevo programa nacional de monitorio de contaminantes en alimentos agropecuarios primarios y piensos. Resoluci\u00f3n Jefatural No. 0090\u20102019\u2010MINAGRI\u2010SENASA July 10 2019. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/extwprlegs1.fao.org\/docs\/pdf\/per188752.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation\/Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego. & The General Directorate of Monitoring and Evaluation of Policies\/ Direcci\u00f3n General de Seguimiento y Evaluaci\u00f3n de Pol\u00edticas (MINAGRI & DGESEP). (2019).Bolet\u00edn estad\u00edstico mensual \u201cEl agro en cifras\u201d Mes: Agosto 2019 Lima Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/siea.minagri.gob.pe\/siea\/sites\/default\/files\/boletin-estadistico-mensual-el-agro-en-cifras-ago19-061119.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Environment\/Ministerio de Ambiente (MINAM). (2008).Aprueban los est\u00e1ndares Nacionales de Calidad Ambiental para el Agua. Supreme Decree No. 002\u20102008\u2010MINAN. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.minam.gob.pe\/calidadambiental\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/22\/2013\/10\/ds_002_2008_eca_agua.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism\/ Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). (2019).Reporte mensual de comercio February. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mincetur.gob.pe\/wp-content\/uploads\/documentos\/comercio_exterior\/estadisticas_y_publicaciones\/estadisticas\/exportaciones\/2019\/RMC_Febrero_2019.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health\/Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). (2008).Norma sanitaria que establece los criterios microbiol\u00f3gicos de calidad sanitaria e inocuidad para los alimentos y bebidas de consumo humano. Resoluci\u00f3n Ministerial N 591\u20132008\/MINSA.Lima 27 de Agosto 2008. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.saludarequipa.gob.pe\/desa\/archivos\/Normas_Legales\/alimentos\/RM591MINSANORMA.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health\/Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). (2016).Disponen la publicaci\u00f3n del Proyecto de Reglamento del Decreto Legislativo N\u00b0 1222 que optimizaos procedimientos administrativos y fortalece el control sanitario y la inocuidad de los alimentos industrializados y productos pesqueros y acu\u00edcolas en el portal institucional del Ministerio de Salud. Resoluci\u00f3n ministerial No491\u20132016\/MINSA. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.digesa.minsa.gob.pe\/norma_consulta\/RM_491-2016-MINSA.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health\/Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). (2019).Boletin epidemiologico del Peru. Volumen 28\u2010SE 52. December 22\u201328 2019. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.dge.gob.pe\/portal\/docs\/vigilancia\/boletines\/2019\/52.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health\/Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). (2020).Situaci\u00f3n de Guillain Barre. SE 02\u20102020. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.dge.gob.pe\/portal\/docs\/tools\/sg\/2020\/SGB08012020.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health\/Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) & Directorate General of Epidemiology\/Direcci\u00f3n General de Epidemiolog\u00eda.Gu\u00eda t\u00e9cnica para la investigaci\u00f3n y control de brotes de enfermedad transmitida por alimentos. 12 de Septiembre del(2014). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.dge.gob.pe\/portal\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=555:gUia-eta&catid=20&Itemid=362"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1726-46342010000400003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","unstructured":"Monteza Alarcon A. R.(2018).Thesis: Frecuencia deListeriaspp. en palta congelada. Provincia de Vir\u00fa \u2013 departamento de La Libertad \u2013 Noviembre 2015\u2013Mayo 2016. Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo Lambayeque Peru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/190.108.84.117\/bitstream\/handle\/UNPRG\/4030\/BC-TES-TMP-2822.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","first-page":"466","article-title":"Caracter\u00edsticas de uso de plaguicidas quimicos y riesgos para la salud en agricultores de la sierra central del Per\u00fa","volume":"26","author":"Montoro Y.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz Ayala M. D.(2017).Master Thesis:Escherichia coliO157:H7 en hortalizas de fundos agr\u00edcolas en la periferia de la ciudad de Lima \u2013 Per\u00fa. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Carlos Lima Peru."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.15381\/rivep.v24i3.2578","article-title":"Frecuencia de enterobacterias en verduras frescas de consumo crudo expendidas en cuatro mercados de Lima, Per\u00fa","volume":"24","author":"Mu\u00f1oz J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Per\u00fa"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Formas parasitarias del hombre en Lactuca sativa \u2018Lechuga\u2019, cultivada en la provincia de Trujillo\u2010 Per\u00fa","volume":"11","author":"Murga\u2010Gutierrez S. N.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn Peruano de Parasitolog\u00eda"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","unstructured":"National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). (2020).Pathogen detection. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pathogens\/isolates\/#\/search\/Peru"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1086\/367676","article-title":"Campylobacter transmission in a Peruvian shantytown: A longitudinal study using strain typing of Campylobacter isolates from chickens and humans in household clusters","volume":"187","author":"Oberhelman R. A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/fqsafe\/fyy022","article-title":"Foodborne outbreaks in Brazil associated with fruits and vegetables: 2008 through 2014","volume":"2","author":"Oliveira Elias S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Quality and Safety"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","unstructured":"The Observatory of Economic Complexity Per\u00fa (OEC). (2017). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/oec.world\/en\/profile\/country\/per\/"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","first-page":"243","article-title":"Presencia de bacterias pat\u00f3genas en las aguas de la desembocadura del r\u00edo Surco y la playa la Chira, Lima, Per\u00fa, Junio 2009","volume":"26","author":"Osores Plenge F.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta M\u00e9dica Peruana"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","unstructured":"Pajares C.(2004).Master Thesis: Impacto de la actividad humana y agropecuaria en la calidad sanitaria del agua del r\u00edo Porc\u00f3n (Cajamarca).Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca Cajamarca Peru."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","unstructured":"Partnership for Action on Green Economy PAGE. (2015).Per\u00fa crecimiento verde: An\u00e1lisis de la econom\u00eda peruana.Condiciones favorables y oportunidad. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.un-page.org\/files\/public\/peru_stocktaking_report_1.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Infecci\u00f3n por Campylobacter y Shigella como causa de diarrea aguda infecciosa en ni\u00f1os menores de dos a\u00f1os en el distrito de la Victoria, Lima\u2010Per\u00fa","volume":"19","author":"Perales M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Detecci\u00f3n de par\u00e1sitos intestinales en agua y alimentos de Trujillo, Per\u00fa","volume":"25","author":"P\u00e9rez\u2010Cord\u00f3n G.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Frecuencia de Listeria monocytogenes en tomate, zanahoria, espinaca, lechuga y rabanito, expendidos en mercados de Trujillo, Per\u00fa","volume":"8","author":"P\u00e9rez Rodr\u00edguez E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Revista Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","unstructured":"Peru Opportunity Fund. (2011).Diagn\u00f3stico de la Agricultura en el Per\u00fa.Libelula: Comunicaci\u00f3n ambiente y desarrollo. July 15.Lima Peru. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.sudamericarural.org\/images\/en_papel\/archivos\/Diagno_stico_de_la_Agricultura_en_el_Peru__-_web.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.018"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"BMC infectious diseases","volume":"12","author":"Pollett S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Campylobacter Antimicrobial Resistance in Peru: A Ten\u2010Year Observational Study"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","unstructured":"Proyecto Nacional de Inocuidad de Alimentaria PNIA. (2016 February 26). Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.digesa.minsa.gob.pe\/compial\/archivos\/Politica_Nacional_Inocuidad_Alimentos.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n microbiol\u00f3gica y sanitaria de puestos de venta ambulatoria de alimentos del distrito de Comas, Lima\u2010 Per\u00fa","volume":"18","author":"Quispe J. J.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","unstructured":"Quispe Rom\u00e1n M. H.(2007).Master Thesis: Determinaci\u00f3n de la contaminaci\u00f3n ambiental del rio Vilcanota por coliformes helmintos y protozoarios en Sicuani Cuzco 2006.Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Santa Mar\u00eda Arequipa Per\u00fa."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_99_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Contaminaci\u00f3n fecal en hortalizas que se expenden en mercados de la ciudad de Cajamarca, Per\u00fa","volume":"26","author":"Rivera\u2010Jacinto M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_100_1","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Foodborne pathogens: Hazards, risk analysis and control","author":"Ross T.","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_101_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Monitoreo de la calidad sanitaria de las aguas residuales de la ciudad Universitaria de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca","volume":"15","author":"Rosales C.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Revista Investigaciones Cajamarca"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_102_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"El riego en el Peru: Falta mucho por hacer: La agricultura bajo riego se concentra en la costa","volume":"155","author":"Salazar B.","year":"2013","journal-title":"La Revista Agraria"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_103_1","unstructured":"Salazar R.(2008).Master Thesis: Caracterizaci\u00f3n f\u00edsica qu\u00edmica y bacteriol\u00f3gica de las aguas del r\u00edo Azufre (Combayo\u2010La Enca\u00f1ada) Cajamarca.Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca Cajamarca Peru."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_104_1","unstructured":"Servicio de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de La Libertad (SEDALIB). (2018).Diagnostico h\u00eddrico r\u00e1pido de la cuenca del rio moche como fuente de agua y servicios ecosist\u00e9micos h\u00eddricos para la EPS SEDALIB S.A. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.sedalib.com.pe\/upload\/drive\/32019\/20190305-5683862528.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_105_1","unstructured":"Sistema Integrado de Informaci\u00f3n de Comercio Exterior (SIICEX). (2018).Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo\u2010Comisi\u00f3n de promoci\u00f3n del Peru para la exportaci\u00f3n y el turismo\u2010PromPeru. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.siicex.gob.pe\/siicex\/portal5ES.asp?_page_=172.17100&_portletid_=sfichaproductoinit&scriptdo=cc_fp_init&pproducto=145&pnomproducto=Palta"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-67.12.2839"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pce.2011.06.008","article-title":"Estimating the impacts of a reservoir for improved water use in irrigation in the Yarabamba region, Per\u00fa","volume":"47","author":"Swiech T.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_108_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Presencia de enteropar\u00e1sitos en lechuga (lactuca sativa) en establecimientos de consumo p\u00fablico de alimentos en el cercado de Lima","volume":"15","author":"Tananta I.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Revista de Investigaci\u00f3n Veterinaria del Per\u00fa"},{"issue":"62","key":"e_1_2_11_109_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Concentraci\u00f3n y pr\u00e1cticas no competitivas en las cadenas log\u00edsticas del comercio exterior: El caso del Per\u00fa","volume":"26","author":"Tosoni G. A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"An\u00e1lisis Econ\u00f3mico"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_110_1","unstructured":"Valderrama A.(2003).Master Thesis: Calidad bacteriol\u00f3gica de efluentes de aguas residuales de Cajamarca y su implicancia en la salud. Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca Cajamarca Peru."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12133"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_112_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"La ley marco de aseguramiento universal en salud en el Per\u00fa: An\u00e1lisis de beneficios y sistematizaci\u00f3n del proceso desde su concepci\u00f3n hasta su promulgaci\u00f3n","volume":"26","author":"Wilson L.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1596\/27517","volume-title":"Gaining momentum in Peruvian agriculture","author":"World Bank","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_114_1","unstructured":"World Bank. (2018a).Agricultura en el Per\u00fa.Lima Peru. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.bancomundial.org\/es\/news\/press-release\/2018\/03\/01\/banco-mundial-presenta-estudio-sobre-agricultura-en-el-peru"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_115_1","unstructured":"World Bank. (2018b).Peru Human Capital Index rank 72 out of 157. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/hci\/HCI_2pager_PER.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_116_1","unstructured":"World Bank. (2019).The World Bank in Peru. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/peru\/overview"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_117_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2016).WHO estimates of the global burden of foodborne disease: Foodborne disease burden epidemiology reference group 2007\u20132015. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/199350\/9789241565165_eng.pdf;jsessionid=36557E6AEC6E64773156483CEFCC5663?sequence=1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_118_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2017).Diarrheal disease. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/diarrhoeal-disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_119_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2019).Food safety. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/food-safety"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6673-1-27","article-title":"Dialkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphorus in applicators of agricultural pesticides in Majes \u2013 Arequipa (Peru)","volume":"1","author":"Yucra S.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1590\/S1726-46342011000100020","article-title":"Experiencias en la vigilancia epidemiol\u00f3gica de agentes pat\u00f3genos transmitidos por alimentos a trav\u00e9s de electroforesis en campo pulsado en el Per\u00fa","volume":"28","author":"Zamudio M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud P\u00fablica"}],"container-title":["Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12647","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12647","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T06:37:54Z","timestamp":1761892674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1541-4337.12647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12647","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1541-4337","1541-4337"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1541-4337","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-4337","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}