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However, their application in foods is limited by anti\u2010nutritional factors (ANFs), residual oils, and phenolic compounds, which impair solubility, digestibility, and functional performance. This review critically evaluates protein extraction and refining strategies from rapeseed and canola meals, emphasizing phenolic removal to enhance functionality. Conventional alkaline extraction followed by isoelectric precipitation often co\u2010extracts phenolics and partially denatures proteins, whereas alternative approaches, including mild salt\u2010assisted extraction, ethanol\u2010assisted phenolic removal, ultrasonication, pulsed electric fields, enzyme\u2010assisted extraction, green solvents, and ultrafiltration, improve protein yield (65%\u201394%), reduce total phenolics (50%\u201399%), and preserve native cruciferin and napin structures. Phenolic management enhances solubility (20%\u201380% pH 4\u20138), emulsifying activity (EAI 200\u2013650\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/g), emulsion stability (ESI 20\u201352\u00a0min), gel strength (\n                    <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2032 50\u2013120\u00a0Pa at 10%\u201315% protein), and water and oil\u2010holding capacities (WHC 3\u20136\u00a0g\/g; OHC 5\u20137\u00a0mL\/g). Mechanistically, phenolic removal decreases protein\u2013polyphenol complexation, maintains quaternary structure, and increases molecular mobility, supporting heat\u2010induced gelation and interfacial performance. These functional improvements enable applications in meat analogs, dairy alternatives, baked goods, protein\u2010fortified beverages, and microencapsulated bioactive systems. Overall, effective phenolic removal enhances functionality and nutritional quality, positioning rapeseed and canola proteins as viable food\u2010grade plant proteins. Their utilization promotes sustainable food systems, reduces reliance on animal proteins, and addresses malnutrition in resource\u2010limited settings, while aligning with circular economy principles and United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.70648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:40:57Z","timestamp":1789634457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nutritional and Functional Potential of Rapeseed and Canola Proteins: Advances in Protein Extraction, Phenolic Removal, and Food Applications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Akhilesh","family":"Modi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IITB Monash Research Academy Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"},{"name":"Bioprocessing Laboratory Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas 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