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Three cases of complete decapitation and one case of incomplete decapitation by suicidal hanging are reported with particular emphasis on internal findings and vital reaction patterns. Personal, circumstantial, autopsy, and toxicological data were analyzed to define basic characteristics of such extreme injuries. The crucial factor for the state of decapitation itself is the kinetic energy of the falling body, the strength of the human neck tissue, and the diameter and elasticity of the used ligature. Results of our case study suggest <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>imon's hemorrhage and air embolism as useful autopsy findings in posthanging beheading cases. Simon's hemorrhage was demonstrated in three cases of four. The test for air embolism was positive in all four cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T15:36:37Z","timestamp":1352129797000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Decapitation in Suicidal Hanging \u2013 Vital Reaction Patterns"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Petr","family":"Hejna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Medical Faculty of Charles University and University Hospital Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u0160imkova 870 500 38 Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Bohnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine University of W\u00fcrzburg Versbacher Str. 3 97078 W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(99)00140-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45345-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)22330-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2003.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.paf.0000127400.12824.f9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2007.00503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.1449.779"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"811","article-title":"Eine seltene Verletzung der Vorderhalsgegend beim Tod durch Erh\u00e4ngen","volume":"59","author":"Holczabek W","year":"1947","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"687","article-title":"Ein au\u00dfergew\u00f6hnlicher todesfall. dekapitation durch erh\u00e4ngen im rahmen eines erweiterten suizids","volume":"10","author":"Matschke J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kriminalistik"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-75757-0_25","volume-title":"Ersticken, festschrift f\u00fcr W. 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