{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T17:09:47Z","timestamp":1788282587949,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]],"date-time":"2013-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the case presented, conflicting witness accounts and the subject's injuries were highly suspicious of an assault that might have caused the balcony fall. For the reconstruction, a simulation software, originally designed for motor vehicle accident reconstruction, was used. Three scenarios were simulated using the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Crash multibody pedestrian model: (S1) Subject was pushed against and fell over balcony rail, (S2) subject fell off from a seated position, (S3) subject fell off from a prone position on the rail. (S1) could be ruled out due to inconsistent results in terms of landing area and minimum velocity. Realistic results were obtained for (S3) with a fall off from a prone position on the rail. After a few months, the comatose subject awoke and gave an account of what had happened being consistent with the simulation results. This case demonstrates the feasibility of multibody simulations also in cases of nontraffic incidents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]],"date-time":"2013-05-17T20:37:19Z","timestamp":1368823039000},"page":"1061-1064","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Fall from a Balcony\u2014Accidental or Homicidal? Reconstruction by Numerical Simulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Holger","family":"Muggenthaler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Jena University Hospital Friedrich Schiller University Jena F\u00fcrstengraben 23 D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Drobnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Jena University Hospital Friedrich Schiller University Jena F\u00fcrstengraben 23 D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hubig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Jena University Hospital Friedrich Schiller University Jena F\u00fcrstengraben 23 D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Sch\u00f6npflug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ingenieurb\u00fcro Dr. Sch\u00f6npflug Helene\u2010Weber\u2010Allee 17 D\u201080637 M\u00fcnchen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gita","family":"Mall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Jena University Hospital Friedrich Schiller University Jena F\u00fcrstengraben 23 D\u201007743 Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90564-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(86)80134-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2010.01445.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/1999-01-0445"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"International data on anthropometry, Occupational safety and health series no. 65","author":"J\u00fcrgens HW","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4271\/2000-01-0847"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-3566-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00104-004-0821-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s001130050445","volume":"102","author":"Aufmkolk M","year":"1999","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-009-0371-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Numerical simulation in biomechanics\u2014a forensic example","volume":"36","author":"Adamec J","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Gymn"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Numerical human models for accident research and safety\u2014potentials and limitations","volume":"133","author":"Praxl N","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"429","article-title":"Development of numerical models for injury biomechanics research: a review of 50\u00a0years of publications in the Stapp Car Crash Conference","volume":"50","author":"Yang KH","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2005.00026.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1556-4029.12148","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1556-4029.12148","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T21:23:35Z","timestamp":1696281815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1556-4029.12148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1556-4029.12148"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.12148","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1198","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-4029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,17]]}}}