{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:20:05Z","timestamp":1762917605834},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,26]],"date-time":"2015-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paintball is a ubiquitous recreation, with severe and occasionally irreversible injuries. In this study, a rare medicolegal case of paintball\u2010related closed globe blunt ocular injury was described. An 18\u2010year\u2010old boy who was hit in his right eye by a paintball pellet presented with severe eye pain and blurred vision. Ophthalmologic examinations showed lid edema, conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival laceration, subconjunctival hemorrhage, corneal edema, anterior vitreous hemorrhage, congested sclera, commotio retinae, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal hemorrhage, macular edema, and macular hole. After maximum medical improvement, the patient who sustained incurable maculopathy and decreased visual acuity was referred to the legal medicine center for appraisal of the impairment. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMA<\/jats:styled-content> Guides was used to assess the impairment of the functional vision. Despite his monocular visual defect, the patient was rated in the range of mild vision loss namely <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMA<\/jats:styled-content> class 1 with 22 percentage visual system impairment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,26]],"date-time":"2015-07-26T18:15:53Z","timestamp":1437934553000},"page":"277-279","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Permanent Ocular Injury Following Paintball Pellet Hit: A Medicolegal Case"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Ghazanfari\u2010Nasrabad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Legal Medicine Research Center Legal Medicine Organization Bahar Cross Taleghani Avenue Tehran 1114795113 Iran"},{"name":"Legal Medicine Center of Yazd Legal Medicine Organization Dadgostari Aly Farokhi Street Yazd City 8913813419 Yazd Province 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