{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T03:30:06Z","timestamp":1792380606721,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002749","name":"Federaal Wetenschapsbeleid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DR\/67"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DR\/67"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002749","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed the prevalence of potential health hazards to intervention staff and cannabis growers in Belgian indoor cannabis plantations. Surface mold swab samples were taken at 16 Belgian indoor plantations contained mostly <jats:italic>Penicillium<\/jats:italic> sp. and <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> sp. However, their precise health impact on intervention staff and illicit growers is unclear as no molds spore concentrations were measured. Atmospheric gas monitoring in the studied cannabis plantations did not reveal dangerous toxic substances. Health symptoms were reported by 60% of 221 surveyed police, but could not be linked to specific plantation characteristics. We conclude that Belgian indoor cannabis plantations pose a potential health threat to growers and intervention staff. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> there are currently no clear safety guidelines for seizure and dismantling of Belgian indoor cannabis plantations, we recommend first responders to follow strict safety rules when entering the growth rooms, which include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,11]],"date-time":"2018-04-11T02:25:16Z","timestamp":1523413516000},"page":"1783-1789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Health Risks of Belgian Illicit Indoor Cannabis Plantations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1697-2475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wouter","family":"Vanhove","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UGent Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany Coupure Links 653 Gent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6411-2461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Cuypers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Toxicology and Pharmacology Herestraat 49 PO Box 922 Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne\u2010Jan","family":"Bonneure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Toxicology and Pharmacology Herestraat 49 PO Box 922 Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Gotink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Toxicology and Pharmacology Herestraat 49 PO Box 922 Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirna","family":"Stassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Toxicology and Pharmacology Herestraat 49 PO Box 922 Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Tytgat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Toxicology and Pharmacology Herestraat 49 PO Box 922 Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2548-633X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Van Damme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UGent Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany Coupure Links 653 Gent Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Kamycka 129 Prague 6 \u2013 Suchdol 165 21 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"EU drug markets report: in\u2010depth analysis","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Targeting marihuana growing operations in British Columbia. 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