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This study examined the effects of water on bone <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> purity and quantity, and determined the best of three extraction methods for isolating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>. The organic phenol\u2013chloroform method consistently extracted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> approximating the accepted 260\/280 purity value (~1.8); ChargeSwitch\u00ae <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gDNA<\/jats:styled-content> Plant Kit and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DN<\/jats:styled-content>easy Blood and Tissue Kit produced fair and unacceptable values, respectively. The purity value for humerus and rib samples was consistent across accumulated degree days (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADD<\/jats:styled-content>). Significant differences in quantification among extraction methods and between bone types were identified. Ribs and ChargeSwitch\u00ae <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gDNA<\/jats:styled-content> Plant Kit samples produced the lowest mean Ct values of the bone types and the extraction methods, respectively. Therefore, this study proposes that magnetic bead technology extraction methods and ribs be considered when processing bones that have been submerged in water for any length of time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]],"date-time":"2018-04-12T16:19:05Z","timestamp":1523549945000},"page":"1830-1835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluation of <scp>DNA<\/scp> Extraction Methods from Waterlogged Bones: A Pilot Study,"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Cartozzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Life Sciences Program Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284"},{"name":"Department of Forensic Sciences Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baneshwar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Sciences Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Boone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistical Sciences Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Sciences Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA 23284"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Office of the Chief Medical Examiner's annual report 2014.Virginia Department of Health 2016;http:\/\/www.vdh.virginia.gov\/content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2016\/04\/Annual-Report-2014-FINAL.pdf(accessed March 6 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.01291.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2007.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b15424-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2011.610821"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2010.01589.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS15490J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2013.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2013.10.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.01206.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"Purification of total DNA from compact animal bone using the DNeasy\u00ae Blood & Tissue Kit. 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