{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:34:13Z","timestamp":1784950453743,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Faculty of Medicine, and research cluster of Chiang Mai University","award":["029\/2561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["029\/2561"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most of the previous studies about nose prediction were concentrated only some landmarks of the nose. This study aimed to generate prediction equations for ten landmarks of the nose in the midline and alar regions for forensic facial approximation. The six midline landmarks were the sellion, nasion\u2013pronasale posterior, nasion\u2013pronasale anterior, pronasale, nasal drop, and subnasale. The four landmarks of the alar region were the alare, superior alar groove, posterior alar groove, and inferior alar groove. We used the skull landmarks in the nasal, zygomatic, and maxillary bone to predict the landmarks of the nose. Cone\u2010beam computed tomography scans of 108 Thai subjects with normal BMI and age ranging from 21.0 to 50.9\u00a0years were obtained in a sitting position. The data were converted into three\u2010dimensional (3\u2010D) images of the skull and face. The Cartesian coordinates of the landmarks of the skull and nose were used to formulate the multiple regression equations. The formulated equations were tested in 24 new subjects. The mean differences in the predicted midline landmarks varied between \u22120.4\u00a0mm and 0.5\u00a0mm, whereas those for bilateral landmarks varied between \u22121.0\u00a0mm and 1.4\u00a0mm. In conclusion, the prediction equations formulated here will be beneficial for facial approximation of the nose in a Thai population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T14:17:52Z","timestamp":1576073872000},"page":"707-714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Three\u2010Dimensional Prediction of the Nose for Facial Approximation in a Thai Population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Sumon","family":"Thitiorul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Inthawarorot Road, Sri Phum Subdistrict Mueang Chiang Mai District Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasuk","family":"Mahakkanukrauh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Inthawarorot Road, Sri Phum Subdistrict Mueang Chiang Mai District Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand"},{"name":"Research Cluster in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC) Chiang Mai University Inthawarorot Road, Sri Phum Subdistrict Mueang Chiang Mai District Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand"},{"name":"Forensic Osteology Research Center Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Inthawarorot Road, Sri Phum Subdistrict Mueang Chiang Mai District Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukon","family":"Prasitwattanaseree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics Faculty of Sciences Chiang Mai University Huay Kaew Road, Suthep Subdistrict Mueang Chiang Mai District Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kriskrai","family":"Sitthiseripratip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Research Unit The 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