{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:07:08Z","timestamp":1776830828974,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forensic Technicians provide crime scene investigation services and are exposed to stressful violent crimes, motor vehicle accidents, biological or chemical hazards, and other appalling imagery. Forensic Technicians would likely experience physical and psychological stress after exposure to trauma, and security vulnerabilities similar to Sworn Police Officers. The perceived availability of mental health resources,\u00a0job\u2010related physical, psychological stress, and traumatic experiences of both Forensic Technicians and Sworn Police Officers from California law enforcement agencies were investigated using a self\u2010reported survey. Responses were evaluated for any significant differences in the perceived stress, job\u2010related physical stress, and resulting psychological impact affecting the participants. The survey contained a mix of True\/False, Circle\/Check the Appropriate Box, or Likert Scale (1\u20135) responses. The results were evaluated statistically and discussed. Results indicated Sworn Police Officers and Forensic Technicians have different on\u2010duty stress levels, but similar off\u2010duty stress levels. Nearly two\u2010thirds of 54 job\u2010related stressors were not significantly different between the two occupations. However, Forensic Technicians reported more adverse effects in 17 physical and psychological job\u2010related activities compared with Sworn Police Officers. Forensic Technicians reported lower awareness levels and availability of agency mental health support services than were reported by Sworn Police Officers. This study reports for the first time an unexpected outcome that perceived and job\u2010related psychological stress is greater for Forensic Technicians than Sworn Police Officers. Possible reasons for this disparity will be discussed as well as stress management tools that should be implemented to reduce health risk factors for both career professionals as well as increase public safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T18:56:40Z","timestamp":1597345000000},"page":"2065-2070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Civilian Forensic Technician and Sworn Police Officer Job\u2010Related Stress"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Selena","family":"McKay\u2010Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Riverside Police Department\u2010Forensics Unit 4102 Orange St Riverside CA 92501"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tharinia","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Criminal Justice Program Piedmont College 595 Prince Avenue Athens GA 30601"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ismail M.","family":"Sebetan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Sciences Program National University 11255 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Sciences Program National University 11255 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J158v02n02_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Preventing law enforcement stress: the organization\u2019s role","author":"Ayers RM","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-3740-7_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15614263.2017.1288120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Crime scene investigation: the forensic technician\u2019s field manual","author":"Young TJ","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043986211405899"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"HoltTJ BlevinsKR ForanDR SmithRW.Examination of the conditions affecting forensic scientists\u2019 workplace productivity and occupational stress. 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