{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T20:10:33Z","timestamp":1790539833365,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wy\u017cszego","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUB.A120.19.036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB.A120.19.036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The paper presents a method for the determination of methadone, EDDP, and EMDP in postmortem biological materials using liquid\u2010liquid extraction with ethyl acetate (pH9) and UHPLC\u2010MS\/MS technique. Methadone\u2010<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub> and EDDP\u2010<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> were used as the internal standards. The method validation results for blood and urine were as follows: linearity: 0.5\u20131000\u00a0ng\/ml; <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.9993 for methadone, EDDP and <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.9944 for EMDP. Intra\u2010 and inter\u2010day precision: 0.1%\u20137.5% and 0.3%\u20138.6%, respectively; intra\u2010 and inter\u2010day accuracy: \u221211.8% to 13.9% and \u22129.3 to 14.8%, respectively; recovery: 91.5%\u2013123.0%; matrix effect: 83.5%\u2013123.9%. This study also describes 18 postmortem cases, where methadone concentrations ranged 2.3\u20131180\u00a0ng\/ml in blood (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017), from 11.0 to &gt;10,000\u00a0ng\/ml in urine (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a013) and 135.2\u2013409.0 in vitreous humor (VH, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03). EDDP concentrations ranged from not detectable to 180\u00a0ng\/mL in blood, from 42.4 to &gt;10,000\u00a0ng\/ml in urine and 18.3\u201336.5 in VH. EMDP concentrations were found in four cases in blood from below LLOQ to 1.8\u00a0ng\/ml and in seven cases in urine, ranged 2.1\u2013243.0\u00a0ng\/ml. EMDP was not detected in VH samples. The EDDP\/methadone ratios and blood\/urine ratios for methadone and EDDP in EMDP\u2010positive and negative cases were performed. The paper presents mass spectra of other methadone metabolites, than EDDP and EMDP (ring hydroxylated methadone, ring hydroxylated EDDP, ring hydroxylated EMDP, methadol, and DDP). Simultaneous determination of methadone and its metabolites in order to unequivocally interpret the results of toxicological tests seems to be useful in cases related to prescription\/illicit use of methadone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T11:57:53Z","timestamp":1611921473000},"page":"1003-1012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Quantification of methadone and its metabolites: EDDP and EMDP determined in autopsy cases using LC\u2010MS\/MS"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0104-1053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Nowak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Toxicology Research Borowa 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