{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:19:17Z","timestamp":1790086757577,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The assessment of national suicide risks is considered critical in many countries for the establishment of suicide prevention initiatives aimed at considerably lowering suicide rates. The aim of this study is to identify at\u2010risk suicide populations by reviewing the suicides in Turkey over a 25\u2010year period. The Turkish Statistical Institute's suicide statistics for 1995\u20132019 in Turkey was retrospectively reviewed in current article. The data collected in the study was statistically analyzed using the MINITAB vn 14 software. Between 1995 and 2019, the total number of suicides in Turkey was 66,819, and suicide rates, especially in males, showed an increasing trend in this period. Males comprised 68.3% of the total cases, and most (27.2%) were aged 15\u201324\u2009years. Suicides mostly occurred between May and July (27.7%), of individuals with a primary school level of education (51.7%) and who were married (6.0 per 100,000). Illness was most important risk factor for suicide (36.8%) and hanging (47.5%) was the leading suicide method in all age groups and in both genders. Despite the fact that Turkey's suicide rate is lower than many other countries, the growth in male suicide rates is concerning. Suicides are likely to become a severe problem in Turkey in the near future unless measures like education, psychiatric evaluations, the reactivation of psychological counseling service phone lines, and the establishment of youth counseling centers, as described in this paper, are taken.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T06:10:13Z","timestamp":1656310213000},"page":"1858-1866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Suicides in Turkey: 25\u2010year trend (1995\u20132019)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2459-7756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erhan","family":"Kartal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine Medical Faculty of Van Yuzuncu Yil University  Van Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3266-2861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ugur","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine Unit Tokat State Hospital  Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9990-6045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yavuz","family":"Hekimoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine Unit, Ankara City Hospital Health Sciences University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9355-6558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddik","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Medical School of Van Yuzuncu Yil University  Van Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7596-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmut","family":"Asirdizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine Medical School of Bahcesehir University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bog\u20102017\u20100009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Suicide worldwide in 2019: global health estimates;2021. Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organizati2on. [cited 2021 Dec 23]. Available from:https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/rest\/bitstreams\/1350975\/retrieve"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1902944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291702006943"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/suli.31.4.367.22048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08039488.2018.1493748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2017.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0b013e3181cfc658"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Turkish Statistical Institute.\u00d6l\u00fcm ve \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni \u0130statistikleri 2019 [Death and cause of death statistics 2019]. [cited 2021 Dec 13]. Available from:https:\/\/data.tuik.gov.tr\/Bulten\/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2019-33710"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"A\u015fam\u00d6.Sosyal antropolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan T\u00fcrkiye'de intihar [Suicide in Turkey from a social anthropological perspective] [dissertation].Istanbul Turkey:Central Library of Istanbul University;2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"381","volume-title":"T\u00fcrkiye'de g\u00fcncel toplumsal sorunlar:V. Ulusal Sosyoloji Kongresi Bildirileri [Current social problems of Turkey: Proceedings of the National Sociology Congress]","author":"Oktik N","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Suicide mortality rate (per 100 000 population). [cited 2001 Dec 23]. Available from:https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\/data\/indicators\/indicator\u2010details\/GHO\/suicide\u2010mortality\u2010rate\u2010(per\u2010100\u2010000\u2010population)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.881887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1943\u2010278X.1998.tb00622.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1516\u201044462006005000063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0227\u20105910\/a000514"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2000.87.2.367"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18521\/ktd.342141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371005500105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743720940565"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increase in suicide mortality in the United States, 1999\u20102018","volume":"362","author":"Hedegaard H","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.1665"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldv018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610207005285"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000283359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00785773"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13811110590512967"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.100.3c.920\u2010924"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.138.4.321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165\u20101781(96)02974\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277\u20109536(94)e0070\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20140253"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291799002925"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.11.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201011\u2010577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12963\u2010021\u201000263\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010008\u20100404\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38310.473565.8F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2021.0191"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"291","article-title":"\u00d6\u011frenim d\u00fczeyi ve su\u00e7: Su\u00e7\u2010 okul ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerine sosyolojik bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma [educational level and crime: a sociological research on the relation between school and crime]","volume":"14","author":"Kizmaz Z","year":"2004","journal-title":"F\u0131rat University Journal of Social Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21565\/ozelegitimdergisi.762427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/016235320602900303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001698620605000403"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.78.1.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/78974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1561"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010020\u201001855\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42379\u2010021\u201000087\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060514562056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev\u20102019\u2010043601"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/vsp1403265d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0379\u20100738(01)00594\u20101"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Analyses of suicidal deaths with shotguns in Istanbul, 1998\u20102007","volume":"16","author":"Asirdizer M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5799\/ahinjs.01.2015.04.0558"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1943\u2010278X.1995.tb00399.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1501\/Kriz_0000000296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1501\/Kriz_0000000285"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckaa165.1217"}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15086","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15086","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15086","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T02:05:31Z","timestamp":1692756331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1556-4029.15086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15086","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1198","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-4029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}