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The introduction of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has transformed genetic data generation and human identification using mtDNA. Whole mitochondrial genome (mtGenome) analysis is now being introduced into forensic laboratories around the world to analyze historical remains. Research into large pedigrees using the mtGenome is critical to evaluate currently available interpretation guidelines for mtDNA analysis, which were developed for comparisons using the control region. This study included mtGenomes from 225 individuals from the last four generations of the Norfolk Island (NI) genetic isolate pedigree consisting of 49 distinct maternal lineages. The data from these individuals were arranged into 2339 maternally related pairs separated by up to 18 meioses. Our results show that 97.3% of maternally related pairs were concordant at all nucleotide positions, resulting in the correct interpretation of \u201cCannot Exclude\u201d; 2.7% of pairs produced an \u201cInconclusive\u201d result, and there were no instances of false exclusion. While these results indicate that existing guidelines are suitable for multigenerational whole mtGenome analysis, we recommend caution be taken when classifying heteroplasmic changes as differences for human identification. Our data showed the classification of heteroplasmic changes as differences increases the prevalence of inconclusive identification by 6%, with false exclusions observed in 0.34% of pairs examined. Further studies of multigenerational pedigrees, however, are needed to validate mtGenome interpretation guidelines for historical case work to more fully utilize emerging advancements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T06:28:55Z","timestamp":1658298535000},"page":"1766-1775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluating the suitability of current mitochondrial DNA interpretation guidelines for multigenerational whole mitochondrial genome comparisons"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4155-5750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmine R.","family":"Connell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3442-965X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miles C.","family":"Benton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"},{"name":"Human Genomics Kenepuru Science Centre Institute of Environmental Science and Research  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1148-5862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodney A.","family":"Lea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8512-1498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi G.","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7735-8110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisa M.","family":"Haupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty M.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"},{"name":"Unrecovered War Casualties\u2010Army Australian Defence Force, Russell Offices  Russell ACT Australia"},{"name":"Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Headquarters History and Heritage Unrecovered War Casualties\u2010Air Force  Russell ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6774-5475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyn R.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre School of Biomedical Sciences  Kelvin Grove Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2014.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.anthro.29.1.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414\u2010021\u201002508\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"SWGDAM.Interpretation guidelines for mitochondrial DNA analysis by forensic DNA testing laboratories.2019. 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