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Meta\u2010analysis of linear and volumetric data was performed using a random\u2010effects model, mean differences (MDs), and inverse variance. The QUADAS\u20102 tool\u2010related risk of bias (RoB) and certainty evidence (GRADE approach) were assessed. A total of 1651 articles were initially selected from the main electronic databases for title and abstract screening. After removing duplicates and studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 18 studies were eligible for the meta\u2010analysis. The screened studies included 2507 computed tomography of non\u2010pathologic paranasal sinuses of adults aged between 18 and 40\u2009years. Frontal sinus (FS) width (\u22124.89\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) and maxillary sinus (MS) height (\u22123.73\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) showed the greatest MD between females and males. Regarding volume, the MD was significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) in both paranasal sinuses (\u22123.01 and \u22121.04\u2009cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, respectively). The best sensitivity (ability to identify males) and specificity (ability to identify females) were found for the anteroposterior (72.3%) and intermaxillary (69%) MS distances, respectively. In general, all studies exhibited low RoB and applicability concerns. The certainty of the evidence was categorized as very low to moderate. Both paranasal sinuses were shown to be dimorphic structures, which could be valuable tools for forensic identification using the FS width and MS anteroposterior distance measurements. However, heterogeneity among studies must be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T05:04:12Z","timestamp":1659157452000},"page":"2151-2164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Diagnostic accuracy of paranasal sinus measurements on multislice computed tomography for sex estimation: A systematic review, meta\u2010analysis, and meta\u2010regression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7513-2986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego S.","family":"de Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9353-6178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther C.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1513-9027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo G.","family":"de Barros Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5944-9561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arlan A.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Zootechnics, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Campus Areia  Jo\u00e3o Pessoa Para\u00edba Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9676-4376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00facio M.","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Federal University of Cear\u00e1  Fortaleza Cear\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4316-9020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9a S. 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