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These marks are invisible to the naked eye under normal conditions and are only visible when wearing special lenses. When suspicious hwatu cards are sent to the forensic laboratory, detection of the hidden mark conducted by the microscope, video spectral comparator (VSC), and radiography, which are laborious. In this study, we developed visualization of the hidden mark on the hwatu cards by utilizing a set of the algorisms including color splitting, histogram normalization, FFT denoising, These algorithms were applied to mobile applications affording convenience and accessibility to help prevent fraud or to help law enforcement conduct an immediate investigation. The proposed method was confirmed to be simple and effective in detecting hidden marks on hwatu cards without the need for costly equipment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T06:28:55Z","timestamp":1667024935000},"page":"343-348","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of hidden marks on Hwatu cards used in illegal gambling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Joong","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of AI and Big Data in Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine  Wonju\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongseok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Analysis Division National Forensic Service  Wonju\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Yi","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Analysis Division National Forensic Service  Wonju\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simyub","family":"Yook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Analysis Division National Forensic Service  Wonju\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Wikipedia.Hanafuda.https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hanafuda. 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