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Here we report on the effect of exposure to water on the persistence of touch DNA over prolonged periods of time. To evaluate the persistence of cells from touch DNA, after water exposure, three substrates and two water types were tested: plastic, metal, and ceramic, submerged into seawater or tap water. Diamond\u2122 Nucleic Acid Dye was used to stain cells deposited by touch. Cell counts before and after water exposure were compared to investigate cell loss over time, ranging from 6\u2009hours to 5\u2009days. A logarithmic increase in the percent of cells lost was observed over time when the data for substrate and water type conditions were combined. Substrate type influenced the persistence of cells, with the metal substrate retaining cells longer than plastic or ceramic. The influence of water type appeared dependent on the substrate, with varied cell persistence on metal whereas plastic and ceramic recorded similar cell loss over time between water types. The ability to visualize cells after exposure to water could assist in triaging evidence within operational forensic laboratories and allow for targeted sampling. This proof\u2010of\u2010concept study demonstrated that greater than 50% of cells can persist on various items submerged in aqueous environments for at least 5\u2009days, highlighting the possibility for downstream DNA testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]],"date-time":"2023-06-25T10:44:15Z","timestamp":1687689855000},"page":"2128-2137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Persistence of cellular material after exposure to water"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Madison","family":"Nolan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering Flinders University  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliva","family":"Handt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering Flinders University  Adelaide Australia"},{"name":"Forensic Science South Australia  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Linacre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering Flinders University  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejfs.2012.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024\u2010020\u201000234\u20103"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"681","article-title":"Fingerprint detection and DNA typing on objects recovered from water","volume":"57","author":"Soltyszewski I","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Forensic Identif"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414\u2010019\u201002162\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450610802050774"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2021.102579"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00085030.2008.10757172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2021.110944"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2017.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414\u2010017\u20101695\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2041\u20102223\u20101\u201014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2020.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.14304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.13622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414\u2010017\u20101551\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.13102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2018.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"The effects of water type, exposure time, and water agitation level on the ability to detect semen, sperm, and human DNA on cotton fabric [M.S. dissertation]","author":"Bischof SD","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0379\u20100738(81)90182\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2020.102269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2013.10.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201400496"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2020.102453"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2019.1568557"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2022.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2018.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2018.1533039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","volume-title":"How plastics work","author":"Bernard Laboratories Inc","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","unstructured":"McCoy Mart.What is ceramics? 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