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This study reports on the best combination of swabs and moistening solution for the greatest recovery of cellular material from ziplock bags. Five swabs, two different variations of Copan Diagnostics nylon 4N6FLOQSwabs, one Medical Wire rayon DRYSWAB, one IsoHelix rayon swab, and one Livingstone cotton swab, were evaluated with two moistening solutions, Triton X\u2010100 in either distilled water or isopropanol. Fingermarks were deposited on ziplock bags and stained with Diamond\u2122 Nucleic Acid Dye to allow visualization of the cells pre\u2010 and post\u2010swabbing to determine the number of cells recovered. Based on cell counting data, swabs moistened with Triton X\u2010100 in distilled water performed better than those moistened with isopropanol. Livingstone cotton swabs had the worst recovery of cellular material, while the other swabs tested had no significant difference in their respective solutions. A comparison of the best three swabs for cellular recovery yielded no differences in the DNA concentration extracted. A linear relationship was observed between the log number of cells recovered by swabbing and the DNA concentration following extraction and quantification. The process of monitoring cell collection using fluorescence microscopy on ziplock bags allowed evaluation of swabbing efficacy. Additionally, this study highlights the ability to evaluate cellular recovery independently of traditional extraction, quantification, or profiling techniques which may unequally affect samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T10:35:21Z","timestamp":1708511721000},"page":"1002-1010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cell counting to monitor swab efficiency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6047-362X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madison","family":"Nolan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5890-5548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Linacre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2023.102888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsisyn.2019.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2020.1759687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13010018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2021.102491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2006.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2007.10.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2020.102253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2022.102716"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2013.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024\u2010020\u201000329\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.13837"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.14932"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2015.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2019.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2013.10.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigss.2019.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024\u2010021\u201000423\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.12427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2019.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2020.106006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556\u20104029.2011.02022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2021.102579"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2023.2237540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.15316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2020.102292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.14695"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.15140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","volume-title":"Software and machine learning applications for automated DNA collection, profiling, and EPG analysis","author":"Sweaney J","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2020.102453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2018.1533039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2013.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201062240\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2022.102683"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","unstructured":"QIAGEN.Investigator\u00ae Quantiplex\u00ae Pro RGQ Kit handbook.2018. 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