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Despite being marketed as a safer way to use cannabis, CBD vape liquids are sold without restrictions or meticulous quality control procedures such as toxicological and clinical assessment, standards for product preservation, or investigative degradation analyses. Nine CBD\u2010labeled vape liquid samples purchased and manufactured in the United States were evaluated and assessed for cannabinoid content. Quantification and validation of cannabinoids and matrix components was accomplished using gas and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis (GC\u2013MS and LC\u2013MS\/MS) following liquid\u2013liquid extraction with methanol. Samples degraded by temperature (analyzed by GC\u2013MS) showed a greater disparity from the labeled CBD content compared with samples analyzed as purchased (by LC\u2013MS\/MS). Thermal degradation of the vape liquids showed increased levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). 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Evaluation conducted on these vape liquids indicated the route of exposure, storage conditions, and length of storage could expose consumers to unintended cannabinoids and showed a concerning level of disagreement between the products' labeled cannabinoid content and the results generated by these analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]],"date-time":"2024-03-16T07:25:25Z","timestamp":1710573925000},"page":"905-918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An evaluation of the cannabinoid content of the liquid and thermal degradation analysis of cannabis\u2010labeled vape liquids"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department Marshall University  Huntington West Virginia USA"},{"name":"Forensic Science Marshall University  Huntington West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Trouten\u2010Ebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department Duquesne University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren L.","family":"Richards\u2010Waugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Science Marshall University  Huntington West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8455-4358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosalynn","family":"Qui\u00f1ones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department Marshall University  Huntington West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkw021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2020.101208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13090219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01365"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abrep.2017.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5740\/jaoacint.18\u20100208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476\u20105381.2010.00745.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/Fcxa.0000000000000063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15912"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.40288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxaa016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25599"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201063120\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.694905"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107837"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2015.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.0c00174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.1c00290"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2022.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.752342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"Administration USFaD.FDA denies authorization to market JUUL products.2022.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news\u2010events\/press\u2010announcements\/fda\u2010denies\u2010authorization\u2010market\u2010juul\u2010products. 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