{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:08:39Z","timestamp":1781885319491,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]],"date-time":"2024-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]],"date-time":"2024-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multiple gunshot suicides are relatively rare and present significant challenges for investigators and forensic pathologists. In such cases, assessing the possibility of more than one shot being fired can be crucial in distinguishing homicide from suicide. We present a rare case of multiple self\u2010inflicted gunshot wounds to the chest with severe injury to the heart and left lung. Both the sudden, unexpected death of the man, the unknown source of the firearm, and the number and nature of the injuries sustained seemed quite unusual. The investigation revealed that the wounds were self\u2010inflicted at close range, and the interval between successive shots (estimated by witnesses at up to 2\u2009min) suggests that even multiple gunshot wounds perforating the heart and lungs may not necessarily cause immediate incapacitation. Forensic investigations in such cases should be multi\u2010faceted and include full autopsy and ballistics expertise, as well as witness testimony and medical history.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T00:34:58Z","timestamp":1717979698000},"page":"1495-1500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rare case of multiple self\u2010inflicted gunshot wounds to the chest in Poland"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Adrian","family":"Wroc\u0142awski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Material Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Administration University of Gda\u0144sk  Gda\u0144sk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8386-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Karnecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Medical University of Gda\u0144sk  Gda\u0144sk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Kaliszan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Medical University of Gda\u0144sk  Gda\u0144sk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Gos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Medical University of Gda\u0144sk  Gda\u0144sk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Suicidal gunshot wounds\u2014site and characteristics","volume":"193","author":"Betz P","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Kriminol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"Gunshot wounds in the material of Forensic Medicine Institute, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Bydgoszcz","volume":"3","author":"Bloch\u2010Bogus\u0142awska E","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Forensic Med Criminol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/amsik.2016.68097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433\u2010199212000\u201000001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Dwukrotny postrza\u0142 g\u0142owy\u2014studium przypadku [Double headshot\u2014a case study]","volume":"5","author":"Teresi\u0144ski G","year":"1999","journal-title":"Post\u0119py Med S\u0105dowej Kryminol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004140050065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433\u2010199803000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433\u2010200003000\u201000005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2011.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118570654"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470694589"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433\u2010198109000\u201000009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"190","volume-title":"Medycyna s\u0105dowa [Forensic medicine]","author":"Wachholz L","year":"1933"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS12664J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"685","article-title":"Medizinische und technische Aspekte der Waffenwirkung, III. Schwarzpulvervorderladerwaffen [Medical and technical aspects of the effect of weapons III. Black powder muzzle loading guns]","volume":"48","author":"Missliwetz J","year":"1990","journal-title":"Beitr Gerichtl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024\u2010017\u20109939\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433\u2010198912000\u201000001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0379\u20100738(99)00011\u20100"}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15555","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15555","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15555","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T15:03:21Z","timestamp":1772982201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1556-4029.15555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15555","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1198","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-4029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}