{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:14:32Z","timestamp":1788329672426,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>It has recently been demonstrated that modern recreational fish finders with high\u2010frequency (800\u2009kHz) Sidescan transducers can detect submerged human bodies. This ubiquitous technology is widely used on the water and has the potential to be utilized for the rapid detection of submerged decedents in any waterbody. This research investigates whether, with minimal training, the boating public can use modern recreational fish finders to accurately locate a submerged human proxy in a shallow nearshore coastal location. One human\u2010shaped plastic proxy was submerged, resting on the water bottom, at a depth of ~8\u2009m in a semi\u2010sheltered bay with a silty bottom. Ten parallel searches were completed by nine local volunteers using four different recreational vessels. Volunteers reported the location of the proxy when seen on the fish finder. Three vessels were equipped with recreational fish finders capable of high\u2010frequency (800\u2009kHz) Sidescan and Downscan sonar. One vessel was equipped with low\u2010frequency (200\u2009kHz) conventional down\u2010looking sonar. High\u2010frequency Sidescan sonar provided clear and distinctive visuals of the submerged proxy in all volunteer sonograms. Most reported locations were &lt;10\u2009m of the target location. This research demonstrated that local mariners with mixed boating experience can successfully use recreational fish finders with high\u2010frequency (800\u2009kHz) Sidescan transducers to identify and report accurate locations of a submerged human proxy in a shallow (&lt;20\u2009m), nearshore coastal environment. This sophisticated recreational technology provides the potential to enhance community awareness and involvement for the early detection of submerged decedents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.70373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:16:46Z","timestamp":1780460206000},"page":"2128-2144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Eyes on the water: How local mariners can accurately detect a submerged human proxy in shallow nearshore coastal water with modern recreational fish finders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Britny A.","family":"Martlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Forensic Research, School of Criminology Simon Fraser University  Burnaby British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne S.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Forensic Research, School of Criminology Simon Fraser University  Burnaby British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.15395"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2020.110573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1355\u20100306(02)71819\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94397-8_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"219","volume-title":"Advances in forensic taphonomy: method, theory and archaeological perspectives","author":"Ebbesmeyer CC","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04253-9_179"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1344\u20106223(01)00032\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS13590J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2014.957346"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556\u20104029.2009.01291.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.13614"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00085030.2004.10757565"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110710"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00085030.2022.2135741"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2017.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.12671"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"WileyB.Side scan and ROV based sonar for locating submerged cadavers.Canadian Police Research Centre.2001. Report No.: TR\u201011\u20102001. Available from:https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/lbrr\/archives\/cnmcs\u2010plcng\/cn28552\u2010eng.pdf. Accessed 15 May 2026."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04253-9_182"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556\u20104029.15685"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","unstructured":"Garmin.GPS accuracy.2025[updated 2025]. Available from:https:\/\/support.garmin.com\/en\u2010US\/?faq=aZc8RezeAb9LjCDpJplTY7. Accessed 11 Sept 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","unstructured":"Lowrance.HDS PRO 12 with active imaging HD \u2013 Specifications.2025[updated 2025]. Available from:https:\/\/www.lowrance.com\/lowrance\/type\/fishfinders\u2010chartplotters\/hds\u2010pro\u201012\u2010activeimaginghd\u20103\u2010in\u20101\u2010amer#prl_specifications. Accessed 11 Sept 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","unstructured":"Government of Canada.Quadrenniel SAR review.2013. Available from:https:\/\/www.publicsafety.gc.ca\/cnt\/rsrcs\/pblctns\/archive\u2010nss\u2010qdrnnl\u2010rvw\/archive\u2010nss\u2010qdrnnl\u2010rvw\u2010en.pdf. Accessed 15 May 2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","unstructured":"SARVAC.About SARVAC.2017[updated 2017]. Available from:https:\/\/sarvac.ca\/. Accessed 15 Feb 2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","unstructured":"BC Search and Rescue Association.BCSARA.2025[updated 2025]. Available from:https:\/\/bcsara.com\/. Accessed 16 Nov 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780367332297-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","unstructured":"SteacyL.Volunteer divers recover body of man missing since 2019 on B.C.'s Sunshine Coast. CTV News Vancouver.2022. Available from:https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/vancouver\/article\/volunteer\u2010divers\u2010recover\u2010body\u2010of\u2010man\u2010missing\u2010since\u20102019\u2010on\u2010bcs\u2010sunshine\u2010coast\/. 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