{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T15:36:21Z","timestamp":1767972981792,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]],"date-time":"2016-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Emerg Medicine Australasia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examines clinical characteristics and helmet use of children presenting to the ED with a recreational vehicle (RV)\u2010related head injury (HI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational retrospective study of children &lt;18\u00a0years presenting with a RV\u2010related HI to the ED of a state\u2010wide paediatric trauma centre in Australia between April 2011 and January 2014.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the 647 presentations identified, corresponding to 7.5% (95% CI 7.0\u20138.1) of all HI presentations, RVs involved were bicycles (36.3%), push scooters (18.5%), motorcycles (18.4%), horses (11.7%), skateboards (11.6%), quadbikes (2.8%) and go\u2010karts (0.6%). Recorded helmet use was the highest in motorcycle, horse and bicycle riders (83.2%, 82.9% and 65.1%, respectively), and the lowest for push scooter (25.8%) and skateboard riders (17.3%). Overall 23% underwent a CT scan, 8.8% had intracranial injuries on CT, 30.6% were admitted, and 2.2% underwent neurosurgery. Push scooter\u2010related HIs were the least severe. Age (in years), riding a motorised vehicle and not wearing a helmet were independently associated with intracranial injuries on CT on multiple logistic regression (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0\u20131.2; OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3\u20134.6 and OR 6.0, 95% CI 3.2\u201311.2, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>RV\u2010related HIs accounted for a non\u2010negligible proportion of paediatric HIs presenting to the ED and for significant morbidity and use of hospital resources. Interventions such as introduction of mandatory helmet use for off\u2010road motorised vehicle riding and skateboard riding in children, enhanced injury prevention campaigns, and strict adult supervision during motorised vehicle riding may reduce the morbidity and health care costs associated with paediatric RV\u2010related HIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.12617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]],"date-time":"2016-07-12T11:17:34Z","timestamp":1468322254000},"page":"425-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Paediatric recreational vehicle\u2010related head injuries presenting to the emergency department of a major paediatric trauma centre in Australia: Is there room for improvement?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bressan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Woman's and Child's Health University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Daverio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Woman's and Child's Health University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit Mater Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Molesworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franz E","family":"Babl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Emergency Department Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc.5571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/450195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3182a994ff"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","article-title":"Helmets for preventing head and facial injuries in bicyclists","author":"Thompson DC","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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