{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T01:25:56Z","timestamp":1771464356699,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Emerg Medicine Australasia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the impact of prehospital 12\u2010lead electrocardiography (PH ECG) on emergency medical service (EMS) delay in patients with ST\u2010elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), we systematically searched five online electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, Cochrane Library and CINAHL, between 1990 and August 2017. Controlled trials and observational studies comparing EMS time delays with and without PH ECG in STEMI patients were eligible. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data and appraised study quality. The primary outcome was the time elapsed between scene arrival and hospital arrival. The secondary outcomes were response time, scene time, transport time and emergency call\u2010to\u2010hospital arrival time. Random effects models were used to pool weighted mean differences in EMS delay. Seven moderate\u2010quality studies (two controlled trials and five observational) involving 81\u2009005 participants were included in the data synthesis. The primary treatment strategy was in\u2010hospital thrombolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention in four and three studies, respectively. PH ECG was associated with a 7.0 min increase in scene arrival\u2010to\u2010hospital arrival time (three studies; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200980\u2009628; 95% CI 6.7\u20137.2; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.0%) and a 2.9 min increase in scene time (four studies; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u2009377; 95% CI 1.2\u20134.6; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.0%). PH ECG had no effect on transport or call\u2010to\u2010hospital intervals, although both measures showed evidence of heterogeneity. In patients with STEMI, PH ECG is associated with a modest increase in EMS delays. Measurement and improvement of EMS system delays may help to expedite treatment for STEMI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.13321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,13]],"date-time":"2019-06-13T04:28:21Z","timestamp":1560400101000},"page":"702-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Review article: Impact of 12\u2010lead electrocardiography system of care on emergency medical service delays in ST\u2010elevation myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2458-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Alrawashdeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziad","family":"Nehme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Research and Evaluation Ambulance Victoria  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dion","family":"Stub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Alfred Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx393"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"e362","article-title":"2013 ACCF\/AHA guideline for the management of ST\u2010elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"127","author":"O'Gara PT","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2013.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2016.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.10.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.904219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.895045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.184053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00532-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2011.06.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.03.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/8000.2013.131031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"HigginsJP GreenS.Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 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