{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:49:06Z","timestamp":1793332146144,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Emerg Medicine Australasia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To describe the demographics and outcomes of sports\u2010related ocular injuries in an Australian tertiary eye hospital setting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective descriptive study from the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital from 2015 to 2020. Patient demographics, diagnosis and injury causation were recorded from baseline and follow\u2010up. Outcomes included visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular injury diagnosis, investigations and management performed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 1793 individuals (mean age 28.67\u2009\u00b1\u200915.65\u2009years; 80.42% males and 19.58% females) presented with sports\u2010related ocular trauma. The top three injury\u2010causing sports were soccer (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009327, 18.24%), Australian rules football (AFL) (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009306, 17.07%) and basketball (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009215, 11.99%). The top injury mechanisms were projectile (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009976, 54.43%) and incidental body contact (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009506, 28.22%). The most frequent diagnosis was traumatic hyphaema (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009725). Best documented VA was \u22656\/12 at baseline in 84.8% and at follow\u2010up in 95.0% of cases.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n The greatest risk of globe rupture\/penetration was associated with martial arts (odds ratio [OR] 16.22); orbital blow\u2010out fracture with skiing (OR 14.42); and hyphaema with squash (OR 4.18):\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u20090.05 for all. Topical steroids were the most common treatment (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009693, 38.7%). Computed tomography orbits\/facial bones were the most common investigation (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u2009184, 10.3%). The mean IOP was 16.1\u2009mmHg; 103 (5.7%) cases required topical anti\u2010ocular hypertensives. Twenty\u2010six individuals (1.45%) required surgery with AFL contributing the most surgical cases (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u20095, 19.23%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The top three ocular injury causing sports were soccer, AFL and basketball. The most frequent injury was traumatic hyphaema. Projectiles posed the greatest risk.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.13982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T20:14:37Z","timestamp":1650312877000},"page":"794-800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Sports\u2010related ocular injuries at a tertiary eye hospital in Australia: A 5\u2010year retrospective descriptive study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2629-3131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gizem","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janan","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmel","family":"Crock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neuro\u2010Ophthalmology The Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Injury Research and Statistics, Series no. 131","author":"Kreisfeld R","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.34.6.456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.4253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.5.3.143.8364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Injury Research and Statistics Series no 194 Cat no INJCAT 114","author":"Tovell A","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1579917"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32421-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1994.tb125941.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.71.9.701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Sport\u2010related eye trauma: a survey of the presentation of eye injuries to a casualty clinic and the use of protective eye\u2010wear","volume":"9","author":"Pardhan S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.5.687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515588175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2006.00607.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.2062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.690528"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital.Annual Report 2019\u20132020. Melbourne: The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0181-5512(04)96122-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Sports\u2010Medicine\u2010Australia.Eye injuries 2021. Available from URL:https:\/\/sma.org.au\/resources-advice\/injury-fact-sheets\/eye-injuries\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12911"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12349"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"Standards: Standards Australia.2021. 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