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Hemocyte adhesion to foreign materials is mediated by the cAMP\/ protein kinase A pathway and the \u03b2\u2010subunit of cholera toxin using a cAMP\u2010independent mechanism. Cholera toxin\u2010induced microaggregation was inhibited by the integrin inhibitory RGDS peptide, implying integrins may be part of the mechanism. Based on the types of mammalian integrin\u2010antibody reactive proteins affecting hemocyte adhesion and bacterial\u2010induced responses \u03b1<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>, \u03b1<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub>, \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, and \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> subunits occurred on both granular cell and plasmatocyte hemocyte subtypes. A fluorescent band representing the binding of rabbit \u03b1<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\u2010integrin subunit antibodies occurred between adhering heterotypic hemocytes. The frequency of the bands was increased by cholera toxin. The \u03b1<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> and \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> rabbit integrin subunit antibodies inhibited removal of <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic> (Cohn) from the hemolymph <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. A \u03b1<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010specific synthetic peptide blocker similarly diminished hemocyte function whereas the \u03b1<jats:sub>v<\/jats:sub> \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010specific inhibitory peptide and the corresponding integrin subunit antibodies did not influence nonself hemocyte activities. Western blots revealed several proteins reacting with a given integrin\u2010antibody subtype. Thus integrin\u2010antibody reactive proteins (which may include integrins) with possible \u03b1<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> and \u03b2<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> epitopes modulate immediate hemocyte function. Confocal microscopy established plasmatocyte adhesion to and rosetting over substrata followed by granular cell microaggregate adhesion to plasmatocytes during early stage nodulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T09:11:44Z","timestamp":1539767504000},"page":"239-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Physiological evidence of integrin\u2010antibody reactive proteins influencing the innate cellular immune responses of larval <i>Galleria mellonella<\/i> hemocytes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jason F.","family":"Lapointe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology McGill University  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor D.","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald Campus  Ste. 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