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Such knowledge not only advances our understanding of the evolution and regulation of sexual dimorphism in insects, but also serves as a basis for developing genetic control strategies for pest species. In this study, we isolated the sex determination gene\n                    <jats:italic>transformer<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) from a global fruit pest, the spotted\u2010wing\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila suzukii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and characterized its gene organization. By comparing the deduced protein sequence of Dstra with its orthologs from 22 species, we found that\n                    <jats:italic>tra<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes from Dipteran species are divergent. Our research demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    undergoes sex\u2010specific splicing, and we validated its developmental expression profile. We engineered a\n                    <jats:italic>piggyBac\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    based transformation vector expressing the complete\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    coding sequence under the control of the Tetracycline\u2010Off system. Through germ\u2010line transformation, we generated 4 independent transgenic lines, producing pseudo\u2010females from chromosomal males in the absence of tetracycline. This observation indicated ectopic expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    , confirmed by the detection of female\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcripts in transgenic males. The pseudo\u2010females exhibited altered wing patterns, feminized abdomen, abnormal reproductive organs, and disrupted sexual behavior. Ectopic expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    affected the sex\u2010specific splicing pattern of the downstream gene\n                    <jats:italic>fruitless<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but not\n                    <jats:italic>doublesex<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In conclusion, our study provides comprehensive genetic, morphological, and behavioral evidence that\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    controls sexual development in\n                    <jats:italic>D. suzukii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We discuss the potential applications of this research for genetic control strategies targeting\n                    <jats:italic>Dstra<\/jats:italic>\n                    or using its gene elements.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.70031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T22:47:55Z","timestamp":1743461275000},"page":"547-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The\n                    <i>transformer<\/i>\n                    gene controls sexual development in\n                    <i>Drosophila suzukii<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1247-3302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Gie\u00dfen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Gie\u00dfen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Schwirz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Gie\u00dfen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Borghesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Gie\u00dfen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conghui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanqiang","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanghao","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9217-394X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc F.","family":"Schetelig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University 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