{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:15:35Z","timestamp":1777655735655,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Carbon dioxide (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) plays a crucial role in the host search\/localization process of bed bugs,\n                    <jats:italic>Cimex lectularius<\/jats:italic>\n                    L., and\n                    <jats:italic>Cimex hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (F.). Current research on the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    perception by bed bugs mainly focuses on their behavioral responses, and the molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In addition, existing research has mainly been conducted on\n                    <jats:italic>C. lectularius<\/jats:italic>\n                    with very little research on\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In this study, we investigated the behavioral response of\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    to CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and analyzed the role of antennae in the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sensing process. Then, potential CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor genes were screened through antennal RNA sequencing and tissue\u2010specific expression profiling analysis. Finally, the function of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors was further validated using RNA interference. Results indicated that increasing the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentration in the air not only stimulated the activity of\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but also presented a directional attraction effect on them. CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , with a concentration of 0.06%\u20131.8%, had a significant attraction effect on\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Removal of the antennae led to the loss of bed bugs\u2019 preference for CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Four candidate CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor genes (\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR4<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were identified through transcriptomic analysis of the bed bug antennae, and 3 of them (\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR4<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were highly expressed in the antennae. Silencing\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR4<\/jats:italic>\n                    individually led to a significant reduction or even loss of CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    sensing ability in\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In conclusion, CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    can induce the host searching behavior of\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; moreover,\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>ChGR4<\/jats:italic>\n                    are crucial for detecting CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic>C. hemipterus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.70120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T03:19:18Z","timestamp":1751858358000},"page":"1896-1910","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in the tropical bed bug,\n                    <i>Cimex hemipterus<\/i>\n                    (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Delong","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, School of Biology and Agriculture Shaoguan University  Shaoguan Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zitong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Engineering Xinxiang University  Xinxiang Henan Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dingxin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Department of Pesticide Science South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hualong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization Guangdong Academy of Forestry  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunsheng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, School of Biology and Agriculture Shaoguan University  Shaoguan Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lufei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongyue","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Bay Laboratory  Shenzhen Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changlu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Rutgers University  New Brunswick New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3251-462X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phen.12062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2008.00790.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw189"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.65575"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.08.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjy001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/iey045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"386","article-title":"Research progress on the mechanism of CO2 perception in insects","volume":"65","author":"Chen Q.Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Entomologica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6574"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-120220-015010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2011.01120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.02297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1883"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.53.103106.093402"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"Guo D.(2016)Study on exhaled breath detection and experiments. Master thesis.Tianjin University Tianjin China."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00970"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11850-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume-title":"IBM SPSS Statistics Base 22","author":"IBM Corporation","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05466"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects13090784"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.03.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/28.2.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.13388"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.53706"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.703768"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-014-0435-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2020.103470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.230084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.07.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.12.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2016.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2009.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1905840"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.52.040306.133913"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/EC13075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/tov061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7322(95)00016-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-8166(76)90035-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2014.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.44.1.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.24.4876"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/029.102.0423"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/tox148"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2019.103284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-015-1260-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12718"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toab159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-013-1657-z"}],"container-title":["Insect Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70120","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70120","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:03:40Z","timestamp":1777446220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1744-7917.70120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70120","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1672-9609","1744-7917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1672-9609","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-7917","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}