{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T22:55:10Z","timestamp":1777330510281,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32300051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32300051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023JJ30651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JJ30651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025JJ50101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ50101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to explore the reason for\n                    <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                    restricting\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization and transmission from the perspective of gut microbiota, and to investigate the impact of different infection statuses on the\n                    <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                    microbiota and its potential role in pathogen transmission. Pathogen\u2010free\n                    <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ticks and IFNAR1\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice were used to establish infection models. Ticks fed on pathogen\u2010infected mice, and their midguts were analyzed at day 4 and 10 post\u2010feeding. DNA was extracted from the midguts, and the V3\u2013V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced. Analysis of microbiome data were analyzed using QIIME2 and R. After digesting the bloodmeals, the gut microbiota of ticks that ingested bloodmeal with\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited minimal structural changes, while the ticks with uninfected bloodmeal or bloodmeal with Langat virus showed the dysbiosis. The\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                    group showed minimal temporal shifts in\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010diversity, with stable co\u2010occurrence networks and increased core microbial interactions. Neutral model analysis revealed a hybrid niche in the\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                    group. Potential biomarkers were identified that may suppress\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    transmission. Our findings reveal that\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection is associated with a stabilized and functionally distinct gut microbiota in\n                    <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The gut microbiota of\n                    <jats:italic>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/jats:italic>\n                    functions as a barrier against\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization and transmission through microbial regulation and resource limitation, thus providing a potential mechanistic explanation for the observed vector incompetence. These findings highlight the potential of microbiome\u2010targeted strategies to block pathogen transmission and offer new insights into vector\u2010borne disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.70241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T13:01:42Z","timestamp":1768827702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gut microbiota landscape of\n                    <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis<\/i>\n                    under\n                    <i>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/i>\n                    infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Shibo","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu Province China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Science Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1871-8390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu Province China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7366-3946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2009.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-023-00465-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2021.101676"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12868"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.101311"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01192-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000080107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"CDC. (2025)Lyme disease surveillance and data.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/lyme\/data\u2010research\/facts\u2010stats\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.660887","article-title":"The Type 9 Secretion System is required for Flavobacterium johnsoniae biofilm formation","volume":"12","author":"Eckroat T.J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2021.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3711","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S332051","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm formation and its role in disease pathogenesis: a review","volume":"14","author":"Gedefie A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infection and Drug Resistance"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evv108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00936-24","article-title":"The endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii increases Drosophila melanogaster resistance to pathogens by enhancing iron sequestration and melanization","volume":"15","author":"Hrdina A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf8141"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01626"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078376"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.056","article-title":"Production of chitinase from Escherichia fergusonii, chitosanase from Chryseobacterium indologenes, Comamonas koreensis and its application in N\u2010acetylglucosamine production","volume":"112","author":"Kim T.I.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00961-22","article-title":"Inferring microbial co\u2010occurrence networks from amplicon data: a systematic evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Kishore D.","year":"2023","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0400-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011151","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of America, American Academy of neurology, and American College of Rheumatology: 2020 guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of Lyme disease","volume":"96","author":"Lantos P.M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12111011","article-title":"Molecular identification of Borrelia spp. from ticks in pastures nearby livestock farms in Korea","volume":"12","author":"Lee H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-020-00724-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14111557"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1427-3","article-title":"Paratransgenesis to control malaria vectors: a semi\u2010field pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Mancini M.V.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2022.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05790-5","article-title":"Entomopathogenic fungus treatment changes the gut bacterial diversity of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks","volume":"16","author":"Mesquita E.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1494772","article-title":"Inhibition of biofilm formation and preformed biofilm in Acinetobacter baumannii by resveratrol, chlorhexidine and benzalkonium: modulation of efflux pump activity","volume":"15","author":"Migliaccio A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/PHD.23006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-025-02348-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01378-w","article-title":"Tick transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi to the murine host is not influenced by environmentally acquired midgut microbiota","volume":"10","author":"Narasimhan S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00208-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2021.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010214"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjae156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00026-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009581"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6717e1","article-title":"Vital signs: trends in reported vectorborne disease cases\u2014United States and Territories, 2004\u22122016","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2018-001998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000698"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evv016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2022.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06204-w","article-title":"Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection shapes gut microbiome of the tick vector Haemaphysalis longicornis","volume":"17","author":"Sun Y.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190352"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3922","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8095","article-title":"Iron regulatory protein from the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis: characterization, function and assessment as a protective antigen","volume":"80","author":"Wang D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pest Management Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.713466"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16020304"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2022.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","article-title":"A novel tick protein supports integrity of gut peritrophic matrix impacting existence of gut microbiome and Lyme disease pathogens","volume":"23","author":"Yang X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cellular Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.538272"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2014.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2025.110456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.08.011"}],"container-title":["Insect Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70241","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70241","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T13:01:45Z","timestamp":1768827705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1744-7917.70241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1744-7917.70241","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1672-9609","1744-7917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1672-9609","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-7917","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1744-7917.70241"}}